Dr. William P. Winfree Profile

Dr. William P. Winfree

Physicist at Self

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Author

Publications (47)

Proceedings Article | 12 April 2021 Presentation

Estimation of delamination contact resistance in composites

William Winfree, Joseph Zalameda, Patricia Howell

Proceedings Volume 11743, 117430K (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2587633

KEYWORDS: Resistance, Composites, Computed tomography, Thermal modeling, Data acquisition, Computer simulations, 3D modeling

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2020 Presentation + Paper

Quadrupole simulations of three-dimensional structures

William Winfree, Joseph Zalameda, Patricia Howell

Proceedings Volume 11409, 114090K (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2557417

KEYWORDS: Finite element methods, Resistance, Interfaces, Inspection, Diffusion, Composites, Thermography, Matrices, Chemical elements, Heat flux

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Proceedings Article | 2 May 2019 Presentation + Paper

Quadrupole simulations of thermographic inspections of impacted composites

William Winfree, Joseph Zalameda, Patricia Howell

Proceedings Volume 11004, 110040F (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2520281

KEYWORDS: Composites, Computed tomography, Thermography, Inspection, X-ray computed tomography

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2018 Presentation + Paper

Second harmonic passive thermography generated by cyclic loading in composites

William Winfree, Joseph Zalameda , Elizabeth Gregory

Proceedings Volume 10661, 106610I (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2304048

KEYWORDS: Thermography, Composites, Ultrasonics, Thermal modeling, Diffusion, Fiber reinforced polymers, Temperature metrology, Data acquisition, Phase measurement, Chemical elements

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Proceedings Article | 5 May 2017 Presentation + Paper

Application of the quadrupole method for simulation of passive thermography

William Winfree, Joseph Zalameda, Elizabeth Gregory

Proceedings Volume 10214, 102140Y (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2264946

KEYWORDS: Convection, Interfaces, Multilayers, Inspection, Fiber reinforced polymers, Nondestructive evaluation, 3D modeling, Computer simulations, Thermography, Composites, Thermal modeling, Data modeling, Data acquisition, Infrared radiation, Infrared materials

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Proceedings Article | 11 May 2016 Paper

Simulation of thermographic responses of delaminations in composites with quadrupole method

William Winfree, Joseph Zalameda, Patricia Howell, K. Elliott Cramer

Proceedings Volume 9861, 98610N (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2221994

KEYWORDS: Composites, Thermography, Interfaces, Data modeling, Computer simulations, Resistance, Chemical elements, Finite element methods, Computed tomography, Solids

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2015 Paper

Measurement of flaw size from thermographic data

William Winfree, Joseph Zalameda, Patricia Howell

Proceedings Volume 9485, 94850D (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2176292

KEYWORDS: Composites, Chemical elements, Convolution, Image processing, Finite element methods, Computed tomography, Thermography, Binary data, Time metrology, Error analysis

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2015 Paper

Principal component analysis of thermographic data

William Winfree, K. Elliott Cramer, Joseph Zalameda, Patricia Howell, Eric Burke

Proceedings Volume 9485, 94850S (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2176285

KEYWORDS: Principal component analysis, Composites, Data modeling, Inspection, Thermal modeling, Thermography, Resistance, Data acquisition, Nondestructive evaluation, Data processing

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2014 Paper

Computational reduction of specimen noise to enable improved thermography characterization of flaws in graphite polymer composites

William Winfree, Patricia Howell, Joseph Zalameda

Proceedings Volume 9105, 91050O (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2051356

KEYWORDS: Composites, Thermography, Inspection, Polymers, Data acquisition, Infrared imaging, Radon, Infrared radiation, Image processing, Nondestructive evaluation

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Proceedings Article | 22 May 2013 Paper

Improved sizing of impact damage in composites based on thermographic response

William Winfree, Patricia Howell, Cara A. Leckey, Matthew Rogge

Proceedings Volume 8705, 87050V (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2016946

KEYWORDS: Composites, Ultrasonics, Data acquisition, Thermography, Inspection, Diffusion, Carbon, Fiber reinforced polymers, Nondestructive evaluation, Time metrology

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Proceedings Article | 10 May 2011 Paper

Fixed eigenvector analysis of thermographic NDE data

K. Elliott Cramer, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 8013, 80130T (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.882359

KEYWORDS: Thermal modeling, Principal component analysis, Data modeling, Signal to noise ratio, Nondestructive evaluation, Thermography, Aluminum, Model-based design, Skin, Silicon carbide

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Proceedings Article | 10 May 2011 Paper

Improved flaw detection and characterization with difference thermography

William Winfree, Joseph Zalameda, Patricia Howell

Proceedings Volume 8013, 80130U (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.883472

KEYWORDS: Composites, Thermography, Image registration, Resistance, Polymers, Infrared radiation, Infrared imaging, Thermal modeling, Data acquisition, Inspection

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Proceedings Article | 10 May 2011 Paper

Fiber optic thermal detection of composite delaminations

Meng-Chou Wu, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 8013, 801314 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.883037

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Composites, Sensors, Temperature metrology, Optical fibers, Data modeling, Lamps, Thermal modeling, Fiber optics sensors, Fiber optics

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Proceedings Article | 7 April 2010 Paper

Fiber optic thermal health monitoring of composites

Meng-Chou Wu, William Winfree, Jason Moore

Proceedings Volume 7648, 764808 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.847322

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Composites, Sensors, Temperature metrology, Thermal modeling, Phase measurement, Optical fibers, 3D modeling, Fiber optics, Fiber optics sensors

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Proceedings Article | 6 May 2009 Paper

Application of air-coupled acoustic thermography (ACAT) for inspection of honeycomb sandwich structures

Joseph Zalameda, William Winfree, Charles Pergantis, Daniel DeSchepper, David Flanagan

Proceedings Volume 7299, 72990R (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819493

KEYWORDS: Acoustics, Inspection, Thermography, Skin, Composites, Thermal modeling, Imaging systems, Aluminum, Adhesives, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 19 April 2007 Paper

Terahertz NDE application for corrosion detection and evaluation under shuttle tiles

Robert Anastasi, Eric Madaras, Jeffrey Seebo, Stephen Smith, Janice Lomness, Paul Hintze, Catherine Kammerer, William Winfree, Richard Russell

Proceedings Volume 6531, 65310W (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.715128

KEYWORDS: Corrosion, Terahertz radiation, Nondestructive evaluation, Inspection, Aluminum, Signal attenuation, Manufacturing, Transceivers, Aerospace engineering, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 18 April 2006 Paper

Status of thermal NDT of space shuttle materials at NASA

K. Elliott Cramer, William Winfree, Kenneth Hodges, Ajay Koshti, Daniel Ryan, Walter Reinhardt

Proceedings Volume 6205, 62051B (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.669684

KEYWORDS: Inspection, Thermography, Nondestructive evaluation, Principal component analysis, Imaging systems, Defect detection, Photography, Infrared cameras, Image processing, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 18 August 2005 Paper

Infrared on-orbit inspection of shuttle orbiter reinforced carbon-carbon using solar heating

P. Howell, W. Winfree, K. Elliott Cramer

Proceedings Volume 5880, 588009 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.615332

KEYWORDS: Inspection, Cameras, Nondestructive evaluation, Infrared cameras, Thermography, Infrared imaging, Signal to noise ratio, Infrared radiation, Principal component analysis, Heat flux

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Proceedings Article | 28 March 2005 Paper

Infrared on-orbit RCC inspection system (IORIS)

Michael Gazarik, Charles Antill, David Johnson, Ryan Stephan, Kevin Vipavetz, John Pandolf, Edward Kist, Nina Tappan, William Winfree, John Teter, David Haakenson, David Hinds, Brian Backer, Heather Wickman, Michael Harris

Proceedings Volume 5782, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.603167

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Infrared cameras, Inspection, Infrared imaging, Imaging systems, Electronics, Staring arrays, Sensors, Thermography, Visible radiation

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Proceedings Article | 28 March 2005 Paper

Compression techniques for improved algorithm computational performance

Joseph Zalameda, Patricia Howell, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 5782, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.609024

KEYWORDS: Principal component analysis, Inspection, Data modeling, Image compression, Composites, Signal to noise ratio, Nondestructive evaluation, Temperature metrology, Data processing, Image processing

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Proceedings Article | 12 April 2004 Paper

Improved sampling of thermal transients using focal plane array infrared imagers

Joseph Zalameda, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 5405, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.547453

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Infrared cameras, Cameras, Aluminum, Staring arrays, Thermography, Inspection, Thermal modeling, Temperature metrology, Lamps

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Proceedings Article | 1 April 2003 Paper

Thermographic determination of delamination depth in composites

William Winfree, Joseph Zalameda

Proceedings Volume 5073, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.485866

KEYWORDS: Composites, Thermal modeling, Resistance, Camera shutters, Data modeling, Imaging systems, Lamps, Thermography, Diffusion, Calibration

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Proceedings Article | 1 April 2003 Paper

A comparison of image processing algorithms for thermal nondestructive evaluation

Joseph Zalameda, Nikolas Rajic, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 5073, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.485869

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Thermography, Thermal modeling, Image processing, Principal component analysis, Nondestructive evaluation, Algorithm development, Camera shutters, Inspection, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 7 June 2002 Paper

Diffusion-based thermal tomography

Ronald Kline, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 4703, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.469626

KEYWORDS: Tomography, Thermography, Diffusion, Nondestructive evaluation, Image processing, Reliability, Nanomaterials, Temperature metrology, Wave propagation, Electromagnetism

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Proceedings Article | 15 March 2002 Paper

Quantitative thermal nondestructive evaluation using an uncooled microbolometer infrared camera

Joseph Zalameda, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 4710, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.459614

KEYWORDS: Microbolometers, Infrared cameras, Cameras, Thermal effects, Lamps, Camera shutters, Sensors, Inspection, Nondestructive evaluation, Staring arrays

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Proceedings Article | 15 March 2002 Paper

Single-sided thermal diffusivity imaging in composites with a shuttered thermographic inspection system

William Winfree, Joseph Zalameda

Proceedings Volume 4710, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.459604

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Camera shutters, Composites, Lamps, Infrared imaging, Infrared radiation, Thermography, Resistance, Head, Optical spheres

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Proceedings Article | 23 March 2001 Paper

Thermal diffusivity imaging with a moving line source

William Winfree, D. Michele Heath, K. Elliott Cramer

Proceedings Volume 4360, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.421035

KEYWORDS: Composites, Optical spheres, Glasses, Lamps, Solids, Inspection, Imaging systems, Carbon, Infrared imaging, Thermography

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Proceedings Article | 9 June 2000 Paper

Thermographic imaging of material loss in boiler water-wall tubing by application of scanning line source

K. Elliott Cramer, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 3995, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.387854

KEYWORDS: Inspection, Thermography, Imaging systems, Temperature metrology, Calibration, Infrared cameras, Ultrasonics, Infrared imaging, Corrosion, Nondestructive evaluation

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Proceedings Article | 5 May 2000 Paper

Reduced order computational methodology for damage detection in structures

Michele Joyner, H. Thomas Banks, Buzz Wincheski, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 3994, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.385022

KEYWORDS: Magnetism, Chemical elements, Inverse problems, Damage detection, Algorithm development, Nondestructive evaluation, Computer simulations, Statistical analysis, Optimization (mathematics), Data modeling

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 April 2000

Means of eliminating background effects for defect detection and visualization in infrared thermography

Yuri Plotnikov, Nikolas Rajic, William Winfree

OE, Vol. 39, Issue 04, (April 2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.602460

KEYWORDS: Thermography, Image processing, Defect detection, Image segmentation, Optical engineering, Visualization, Thermal effects, Infrared cameras, Image enhancement, Thermal modeling

Proceedings Article | 30 March 2000 Paper

Reduction of thermal data using neural networks

William Winfree, K. Elliott Cramer

Proceedings Volume 4020, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.381542

KEYWORDS: Neural networks, Imaging systems, Aluminum, Thermography, Infrared imaging, Data acquisition, Sensors, Infrared radiation, Temperature metrology, Bridges

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Proceedings Article | 30 March 2000 Paper

Application of the thermal line scanner to quantify material loss due to corrosion

K. Elliott Cramer, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 4020, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.381553

KEYWORDS: Inspection, Thermography, Imaging systems, Nondestructive evaluation, Skin, Corrosion, Temperature metrology, Scanners, Aircraft structures, Image processing

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Proceedings Article | 19 March 1999 Paper

Visualization of subsurface defects in composites using a focal plane array infrared camera

Yuri Plotnikov, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 3700, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.342301

KEYWORDS: Thermography, Composites, Staring arrays, Visualization, Sensors, Cameras, Image analysis, Image processing, Infrared cameras, Inspection

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Proceedings Article | 5 February 1999 Paper

Thermographic detection and quantitative characterization of corrosion by application of thermal line source

K. Elliott Cramer, William Winfree, Dan Reid, Jane Johnson

Proceedings Volume 3588, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.339947

KEYWORDS: Temperature metrology, Imaging systems, Thermography, Infrared imaging, Corrosion, Inspection, Infrared radiation, Spatial resolution, Ultrasonics, Nondestructive evaluation

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Proceedings Article | 28 January 1999 Paper

Pulse phase thermography for defect detection and visualization

Sergio Marinetti, Yuri Plotnikov, William Winfree, Alberto Braggiotti

Proceedings Volume 3586, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.339890

KEYWORDS: Thermography, Visualization, Fourier transforms, Signal attenuation, Defect detection, 3D modeling, Phase shifts, Error analysis, Distortion, Nondestructive evaluation

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Proceedings Article | 28 January 1999 Paper

Advanced radiographic methods for visualization of corrosion in aircraft structures

Noreen Cmar-Mascis, William Winfree, F. Parker

Proceedings Volume 3586, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.339901

KEYWORDS: Corrosion, Sensors, X-rays, Calibration, Radiography, Head, Visualization, Data acquisition, Imaging systems, Signal attenuation

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Proceedings Article | 31 March 1998 Paper

Automation of the image analysis for thermographic inspection

Yuri Plotnikov, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 3397, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.305044

KEYWORDS: Inspection, Thermography, Image analysis, Data processing, Algorithm development, Tomography, Defect detection, Analytical research, Image processing, 3D acquisition

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Proceedings Article | 26 March 1998 Paper

Thermographic detection and quantitative characterization of corrosion by application of thermal line source

K. Elliott Cramer, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 3361, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.304740

KEYWORDS: Thermography, Temperature metrology, Imaging systems, Nondestructive evaluation, Corrosion, Skin, Infrared imaging, Inspection, Image processing, Infrared radiation

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Recent advances in thermal imaging technology have spawned a number of new thermal nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques that provide quantitative information about flaws in aircraft structures. Thermography has a number of advantages as an inspection technique for aircraft. It is a totally noncontacting, nondestructive, imaging technology capable of inspecting a large area in a mater of a few seconds. The development of fast, inexpensive image processors have aided in the attractiveness of thermography as an NDE technique. These image processors have increased the signal to noise ratio of thermography and facilitated significant advances in post-processing. The resulting digital images enable archival records for comparison with later inspections thus providing a means of monitoring the evolution of damage in a particular structure. NASA Langley Research Center has developed a thermal NDE technique designed to image and quantitatively characterize the thickness of thin aluminum sheets. The technique involves the movement of a thermal line source across the outer surface of a sample followed by an IR imager at a fixed distance behind the line source. Images of the material loss due to corrosion are reconstructed from measurements of the induced surface temperature variations. This paper will present a discussion of the development of the thermal imaging system as well as the techniques used to reconstruct images of flaws. The application of the thermal line source coupled with the analysis technique represents a significant improvement in the quantification of flaws over conventional thermal imaging. Results of laboratory experiments on specimens with fabricated material loss region swill be presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the technique. An integral part of the development of this technology is the use of analytic and computational modeling to optimize the technique and reduce the data. The experimental results will be compared with simulations to demonstrate the utility of such an approach.

Proceedings Article | 26 March 1998 Paper

Thermal diffusivity imaging of aerospace materials and structures

William Winfree, D. Michele Heath

Proceedings Volume 3361, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.304739

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Thermography, Composites, Inspection, Infrared imaging, Lamps, Monte Carlo methods, Signal to noise ratio, Image processing, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 26 March 1998 Paper

Advanced image processing for defect visualization in infrared thermography

Yuri Plotnikov, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 3361, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.304745

KEYWORDS: Thermal modeling, Thermography, 3D modeling, Image processing, Binary data, Visualization, 3D image processing, Composites, Inspection, Aluminum

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Proceedings Article | 14 November 1996 Paper

New nondestructive techniques for inspection of aircraft structures

William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 2945, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.259081

KEYWORDS: Corrosion, Inspection, X-rays, Ultrasonics, Aluminum, Nondestructive evaluation, Sensors, Aircraft structures, Thermography, Neural networks

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Proceedings Article | 15 March 1996 Paper

Thermal characterization of defects in aircraft structures via spatially controlled heat application

K. Elliott Cramer, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 2766, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.235376

KEYWORDS: Thermography, Image processing, Inspection, Aluminum, Aircraft structures, Nondestructive evaluation, Imaging systems, Quartz, Infrared imaging, Skin

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Proceedings Article | 15 March 1996 Paper

Computational pulse shaping for thermographic inspections

William Winfree, K. Elliott Cramer

Proceedings Volume 2766, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.235379

KEYWORDS: Inspection, Lamps, Time metrology, Infrared imaging, Infrared radiation, Imaging systems, Heat flux, Pulse shaping, Image processing, Thermal effects

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Proceedings Article | 6 April 1993 Paper

Quantitative thermal depth imaging of subsurface damage in insulating materials

K. Elliott Cramer, Patricia Howell, William Winfree

Proceedings Volume 1933, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.141968

KEYWORDS: Thermography, Composites, Image processing, Radiometry, Video processing, Video, Data acquisition, Diffusion, Imaging systems, Infrared imaging

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Proceedings Article | 1 April 1992 Paper

Thermographic imaging of cracks in thin metal sheets

K. Elliott Cramer, William Winfree, Patricia Howell, Hazari Syed, Keith Renouard

Proceedings Volume 1682, (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.58532

KEYWORDS: Image filtering, Metals, Heat flux, Aluminum, Imaging systems, Video, Image processing, Infrared imaging, Image analysis, Radiometry

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Proceedings Article | 1 April 1992 Paper

Processing infrared images of aircraft lapjoints

Hazari Syed, William Winfree, K. Elliott Cramer

Proceedings Volume 1682, (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.58533

KEYWORDS: Image processing, Infrared imaging, Thermography, Infrared radiation, Inspection, Nondestructive evaluation, Imaging systems, Visualization, Temperature metrology, Aluminum

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Proceedings Article | 1 March 1990 Paper

Material property measurements with post-processed thermal image data

Christopher Welch, William Winfree, D. Michele Heath, K. Elliott Cramer, Patricia Howell

Proceedings Volume 1313, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.21921

KEYWORDS: Thermal modeling, Thermography, Data modeling, Imaging systems, Nondestructive evaluation, Video, Signal to noise ratio, Convolution, Statistical analysis, Interference (communication)

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