A real-time miniaturized three-dimensional endoscopic imaging system basing on Dammann
grating array illumination is proposed. The system consists of two endoscopic channels that one
channel is used to project an array structured light generated by Dammann grating on an object
and the other is used to obtain images from the object to measure its surface profile. Using the
special designed Dammann grating, it is very simple to generate an array structured light, couple it
into the endoscopic channel and project it on an object. The measured images are processed with a
standard image processing procedure and the surface profile is extracted by Fourier transform
profilometry algorithm. With the development of computer hardware and fast image processing
algorithms, the imaging system can acquire real-time data and dynamically process
three-dimensional measurements. The system was evaluated in 3-D measurements of several
objects with known geometries. The results show high accuracy of the imaging system and its
potential applications in clinic and biology research.
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