We present the comprehensive elucidation of an exclusively fiber-based nanosecond Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA) laser system, integrating a 100-μm-core ytterbium-doped fiber within the primary amplification stage and a 300- μm-core Quartz Block Head (QBH) delivery configuration. The laser system hinges upon a diode laser seed, yielding a pulse train with pulse duration of 50 ns and repetition rate of 30 kHz. Consequently, the resultant pulse profile exhibits a final full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 8.8 ns, concomitantly achieving a pinnacle power output exceeding 1.5 MW. The average power output attains a magnitude of 456 W, concomitant with a maximal pulse energy of 15.2 mJ. These findings collectively underscore a noteworthy advancement in both average and peak power outputs, notably within the context of narrow pulse durations and low repetition rate regimes.
KEYWORDS: Beam combiners, Fiber lasers, Optical fibers, Fusion splicing, High power lasers, High power fiber lasers, Cladding, Power meters, Fabrication, Thermal imaging cameras
Incoherent laser beam combining based on signal combiners is an effective method to significantly increase the laser power. Although many high power signal combiners have been reported, most of these combiners have seven or less input ports. In this paper, a 19×1 signal combiner is fabricated based on tapered fiber bundle technique including optical fibers bundling with capillary, fiber bundle tapering, cutting, and fusion splicing to the output fiber. The input fibers of the combiner are 14/250 μm-core/cladding optical fibers, and the output fiber is a 100 μm-diameter-core multimode fiber. The signal combiner is tested with eight 1500 W fiber laser modules, and 11.55 kW output power is obtained. The beam parameter product is 3.83 under 2 kW laser output. The temperature rise of the signal combiner is measured under passive heat dissipation condition at different laser power outputs, and the thermal slope is calculated to be 1.56 °C/kW. This 19×1 combiner has the potential to be used in a 30kW-level or even higher power fiber laser system.
In this paper, we propose that a Chirped and Tilted Fiber Bragg Grating (CTFBG) can be fabricated in the 14um-core fiber to suppress SRS to achieve a higher-power single-mode fiber laser. The results show that the CTFBGs can suppress the SRS about 25 dB, and the power of the 14um-core single-mode fiber laser can be improved to 3 kW. The M2 of the laser is less than 1.20. The CTFBGs are fabricated with an excimer laser and the heating rate of the recoated CTFBGs are less than 0.01 °C/W. The research results have certain significance for suppressing SRS in high-power single-mode fiber lasers with CTFBG for improving the output power.
We demonstrate a passively Q-switched Er:Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 microchip laser with Co2+:MgAl2O4 as saturable absorber (SA). As the 976 nm pump light double passes the Er:Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 crystal, stable Q-switched operation is obtained at a low threshold pump power of 1.1 W. In addition to this, with the help of sapphire crystal for heat dissipation, together with high initial transmission of SA and low transmission of output coupler, the microchip laser generates pulses at 1.5 μm with a maximum repetition rate of 205 kHz, pulse with of 9.8 ns and average output power of 1.04 W under CW pumping.
D-shaped fiber manufacturing by mechanical grinding or chemical acid will inevitably introduce subsurface damages or impurity during processing. Laser ablation has been proven to be a high-efficiency non-contact technique that can achieve a low-defect surface. However, the process of laser processing fiber involves the phase change of the material, which leads to a very complicated evolution process of the surface topography of the fiber. In order to predict the surface topography of fiber during irradiation by pulse laser. Herein, a 3D model has been established to assist the understanding of the thermal mechanism of pulsed CO2 laser ablation and phase change of evaporation during ablation. Furthermore, the temperature characteristics of the fiber surface during the laser irradiation are also analyzed. The simulation results show that from the second pulse, the ablation depth is basically stable, and the texture formed on the fiber surface is related to the processing parameters.
Laser-induced liquid plasma formation and plasma-induced ablation of thrombus will occur in laser atherectomy. In order to avoid damage to blood vessels and increase the ablation rate, it is necessary to conduct simulations and experiments for the interaction process. A spatial and temporal distribution numerical model of laser-induced liquid plasma formation was constructed, and the ionization process in the range of 600μm before and after beam waist was calculated. The plasma profile showed a crescent shape shifted to the laser incident direction. It was found that compared with water, the higher extinction coefficient of blood restricted the plasma area to the focus and optical axis, and the stronger absorption capacity of plasma made the plasma shift toward the laser incident direction. The simulation results can fit the experimental results in water and blood diluent.
D-shaped fiber is widely used in optical fiber sensing due to its special structure and excellent performance. Traditional manufacturing methods for D-shaped fiber are mechanical polishing and chemical etching. These methods have some disadvantages, such as low processing efficiency, and introduction of sub-surface damage layers or impurities. Laser ablation technology, as a non-contact high-efficiency technology, has been applied in optical fiber processing. The CO2 laser was chosen as the heat source due to the strong absorptivity of glass for a laser with a wavelength of 9-11 μm. In this paper, we reported a new method of D-shaped fiber manufacturing based on CO2 laser and study the effect of processing parameters on the surface morphology.
Excimer Laser Coronary Atherectomy (ELCA) uses 308nm laser to eliminate coronary atherosclerosis. It has a good therapeutic effect in diseases such as poor stent expansion, moderate calcification, and acute myocardial infarction. The laser catheter enters the patient's body during the operation and transmits the laser to the lesion, which plays an important role in the success of the operation. In this paper, the finite element simulation analysis of the mechanical properties of the laser catheter is carried out, and innovative optimization design is carried out on this basis. The paper first analyzes the laser catheter composite material, establishes its torsion, compression, and bending finite element model, and analyzes the influence of the microstructure on the mechanical properties of the laser catheter. Set different parameters for the helix angle, number and diameter of the optical fibers in the laser catheter, and simulate the stress conditions under three kinds of loads. The results show that the three variables have a great influence on the stress and deformation of the laser catheter composite material. Then a finite element model of the coronary artery of the heart is established, the laser catheter's movement in the coronary artery is simulated by LS-DYNA, and the effect of the laser catheter's diameter, wall thickness and elastic modulus on the stress of the laser catheter is analyzed. It is found that the laser catheter is subject to greater stress at the bending part of the aortic arch, and the diameter, wall thickness and elastic modulus of the laser catheter have a significant influence on the stress and advancing distance of the laser catheter. Finally, on the basis of simulation analysis and comprehensive consideration of various influencing factors, the parameters of the laser catheter are designed. In order to meet the stress requirements of different positions of the laser catheter, a catheter design with variable fiber helix angle is proposed.
In this paper, tapering process of glass capillary for fabrication of optical fiber components is studied. Tapering equipment with propane flame burner is built and tapering experiments of 1.25mm-diameter glass capillary using flame scanning technique are carried out. Additionally, FEM simulation on fluid dynamics of the capillary tapering process is performed using Comsol Multiphysics. With the simulation and the experiment results, relation of the tapering parameters and defects formation is analyzed, and the optimized tapering process is achieved.
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