A 1.8-in. high-resolution passive matrix OLED (PMOLED) display panel has been successfully developed. We design the structure of full color PMOLED device. We pattern the device on a 128×3×160 pixel area, 384 row ITO anodes and 160 column cathode separators on ITO glass developed by us through photolithograph process. We have successfully fabricated the 1.8-in. 128×160 full color passive OLED display panel through our SUNICEL PLUS 200 OLED systems. The structure of OLED is a double-hetero structure. It has the device structure of ITO/2TNATA/NPB/ Alq3+C545T/Alq3/LiF/Al for green, ITO/2TNATA/ NPB/Alq3+Rubrene+DCJTB/ Alq3/LiF/Al for red, ITO/2TNATA/
NPB/EB43+TBPE/Alq3/LiF/Al for blue. The PMOLED display panel has full color emission with a resolution of 128×160, and the brightness of 200 cd/m2, as well as the lifetime of 5000 hours. The open aperture ratio of each pixel is 45%.
A novel light absorption layer for liquid crystal light valve is developed by VOPc and a new structure of liquid crystal light valve by using a three-sources evaporation system is proposed. CdTe is a typical absorption layer for liquid crystal light valve, but its absorption coefficient is not so good, especially at 400nm-500nm. However, the absorption of VOPc is very good at this range. So VOPc is introduced to the multi absorption layer. Then a double-layer absorption layer with a good absorption at whole visible light range can be got. To increase the adherence to the substrate, an SiO layer is introduced to wrap the CdTe layer and VOPc layer like a sandwich structure. At first SiO layer is evaporated and then the CdTe layer and the VOPc layer at the same time. After finishing the CdTe layer, VOPc is continuously evaporated for a while and then evaporating the CdTe is again made. After finishing CdTe and VOPc layer, SiO layer is used to cover the whole layer. At last, a multi light absorption layer with 8000Å thick and the structure of SiO:CdTe:VOPc:CdTe:SiO is deposited on glass by evaporation technique. Dependence of light absorption coefficient of multi film is measured. The resistivity of novel absorption layer is 5.5 108Ω•cm. The absorption coefficient of R=7.8 105 cm1, G=6.8 105 cm1, and B=7.2 105 cm1 is obtained with the optimum technics through experiment, and it can meet the needs of the liquid crystal light valve.
We deposited indium tin oxide (ITO) films on glass substrates with DC magnetron sputtering system and the experiments were scheduled by orthogonal test table L32(48). Sheet resistance, surface morphology and transmittance of films were tested. Effects of eight parameters on electrical and optical properties of ITO films, were discussed in detail. Deposition pressure, flow ratio of argon to oxygen and annealing temperature will greatly affect conductance of ITO films. The best parameters for sputtering ITO are: deposition pressure 2mTorr, flow ratio of argon to oxygen 16:0.5, annealing temperature 700K, distance between target and substrate 15, annealing time 1h, sputtering power 300W, annealing atmosphere pure nitrogen and deposition temperature 500K. Sheet resistance, transmittance in visible region and resistivity of the film prepared with above parameters are 17Ω/, 85.13%, 1.87×10-4Ω•cm, respectively.
In this study, four kinds of organic light-emitting diodes were developed using vacuum deposition technique. The typical multilayer structures of OLED are ITO / CuPc(200 Å) / α-NPD(600 Å) / Alq3(400 Å) : C545T(X%) / Alq3(200 Å) /LiF(10 Å) / Al(1000 Å) , X% is the doping consistence in Emitter Layer of OLED. The value is change from 1% to 4%. In this letter, the optical and electronic performance including brightness, efficiency, spectrum etc. was change with the doping consistence. When X% is 1%, the steady voltage of device start working is lower than other structures, only 2.5V. When X% is 3%, the brightness of the device was measured to be 10,500cd times m-2 at the drive voltage 20V, CIE coordinates x=0.331, y=0.625 and maximum luminous efficiency 6.72 lm•W-1 at 5 V. When X% is 4%, the green emission spectrum peak is 550nm, almost reach 555nm (standard green spectrum peak).
A full color 2.2" passive matrix organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with 128 (RGB) * 160 pixels was developed. The display features that driving circuit can transform 18 bits gray-scale data from a PC to the OLED panel via a DVI channel. The size of the pixel was 240μm×240μm, while that of mono sub-pixel is 190μm×45μm. The lifetime of panel was estimated over 5000h because of the use of dual-scan driving technology, and the power consumption of the display was 300mw about when the average luminance of panel reach 40cd/m2.
A novel 5-in. R.G.B densely packed poly-crystal MgAl2O4 (magnesium-aluminum-oxide) phosphor screens with multi-layer interface filter have been developed. The filter is a multi-layer alternate high and low index of refraction film which was fabricated by depositing high index of refraction of titanium oxide and low index of refraction of silicon oxide. The 5-in.R.G. B densely packed poly-crystal phosphor screens with the filter have 60% more luminance than those of common R.G. B poly-crystal phosphor screens, and the area of their chromaticity is almost 10% larger than that of common poly-crystal phosphor screen. The 5-in.R.G. B densely packed poly-crystal phosphor screens with multi-layer interface filter are fabricated by using a centrifugal sedimentation method. The resolution of densely packed poly-crystal phosphor screen with multi-layer interface filter is higher than that of conventional poly-crystal phosphor screen. An experimental 52-inch TV set adopting the set of 5-inch densely packed poly-crystal projection CRT with multi-layer interface filter has very high resolution of 2000 TV lines and 1800 cd/m2 luminance, and it is easy to realize the HDTV display.
As we know, Strong fluorescent dyes are important light-emitting materials of OLED. 8-hydroxyl quinoline aluminum (Alq3) is one of the best electroluminescent materials with good film-formation and thermal, excellent electron-transporting ability. However Alq3 is mostly employed in OLED device for electron transport layer or host material by vacuum deposition. Because of its poor dissolubility in common organic solvent, and be easily recrystallized from the OLED device, the stability of OLED with Alq3 is decreased. To overcome such defects, we have designed and synthesized five kinds of Alq3 derivatives. Their chemical structures were elucidated by IR, 1HNMR and element analysis. Their photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) properties have been investigated and the relationships between molecular structures and light- emitting properties have been studied as well.
The crosstalk, equivalent circuit, voltage drop and power consumption of passive matrix organic light-emitting diodes (PMOLEDs) are quantitatively analyzed, and a mathematical model to calculate the power of PMOLEDs is built. In particular, the advantages of dual-panel PMOLEDs are discussed. The model demonstrates that the power of dual-panel PMOLEDs can be significantly reduced comparing with that of single-panel PMOLEDs. Two 2.5-in. 128×64-pixel green small molecule PMOLEDs have been fabricated. One is single-panel, and the other dual-panel. The power consumption of dual-panel PMOLEDs is 25% less than that of single-panel when both are operated at an average luminance of 100cd/m2.
A novel transparent organic light emitting diode (TOLED) has been developed. This TOLED features Lanthanum hexaborides (LaB6) as transparent cathode and has the device structures of ITO/TPD/Alq3/LaB6. LaB6 film was prepared by the electrons evaporation. This device has the transparency of ~70% in visible spectra, and reach a luminance of 100cd/m2 at 7.2v corresponding to injected current density of 4.8mA/cm2.
We have ever reported a phosphor screen, which is a 5-in. poly-crystal MgAl2O4 phosphor screen. The 5-in. poly-crystal MgAl2O4 phosphor screen has a very good performance, such as high luminance, high resolution, cheap cost and easily obtained. Recently we develop a high performance 5-in. poly-crystal phosphor screen. We deposit a multi-layer interface filter on the poly-crystal MgAl2O4 substrate. The filter is a multi-layer alternate high and low index of refraction film which was fabricated by depositing high index of refraction of titanium oxide and low index of refraction of silicon oxide. The measurement results show that the filter not only increases the MgAl2O4 phosphor screen’s white-D luminance, but also improves its chromaticity. The 5-in.R.G. B poly-crystal phosphor screens with the filter have 60% more luminance than those of common R.G. B poly-crystal phosphor screens, and the area of their chromaticity is almost 10% larger than that of common poly-crystal phosphor screen. The 5-in.R.G. B poly-crystal phosphor screens with the filter realize the authentic high performance.
Conventionally, small-molecule organic electroluminescent device is fabricated by vacuum depositing technology. In this paper, a novel small-molecule organic electroluminescent device was proposed. We adopt spin-coating technology to fabricate the device. It makes the fabrication of small-molecule organic electroluminescent device very simple and low-cost. The device has a brightness of 100 cd/m2 at the 16V DC drive voltage.
We have developed a 5-in. poly-crystal phosphor screens for projection CRTs using poly-crystal materials as the phosphor screen substrate. The poly-crystal materials has the same excellent physicochemical characteristics as the YAG has such as high thermal conductivity and high intensity as well as high optical transparency, but also the bigger diameter of the poly-crystal faceplate can be easily obtained and the cost of the poly-crystal faceplate is only a tenth of that of the same diameter of YAG. Furthermore, poly-crystal substrate is obtained by stamping technological process. The poly-crystal phosphor screens may be satisfied to the needs of large-scale production. An experimental 48-in. rear-projection TV incorporating the projection tubes achieved more than 1600 TV lines of horizontal resolution and 1800 lumens of brightness.
Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) SDH rings have been extensively deployed in core networks and metropolitan area networks (MAN). Furthermore, advances in optical ADM (OADM), optical DXC (OXC) and Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) have resulted in evolving core networks and MAN to all-optical networks. Due to its low cost, flexibility and low loss, OADM based on fiber grating and optical circulator has exhibited potential in applying to DWDM SDH ring networks[1]. Although fiber-grating based OADM has the feature of low loss, EDFA is always deployed to compensate the loss and further improve the network performances. However, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise will limit the improvement of the network performances[2]. Fiber grating is a stable and reliable filter, and this high performance filter is ideal for simultaneously achieving wide-band signal transmission and a high-level of ASE noise suppression in amplified DWDM networks. In this article, performance analysis of amplified DWDM SDH ring with OADM based on fiber grating and optical circulator has been performed with an explicit method - Signal Flow Graph. The results show that the throughput and the power penalty of amplified DWDM SDH ring with fiber-grating based OADM are effectively improved, considering ASE suppression by fiber gratings. Additionally, the network performances of pre-amplifying, post-amplifying and in-line amplifying schemes are analyzed, implying that the network performance optimization of amplified DWDM SDH ring with fiber-grating based OADM could be achieved with proper scheme.
A 3-inch phosphor screen using YAG single crystal as the substrate has been developed for compact projection displays. In order to obtain higher brightness, high resolution and high resistivity against high-density electron bombardment, the phosphor screen properties are improved from the bulk property of the phosphor as well as the screen process. An improved phosphor which has an optimum phosphor composition of (formula available in paper) has been developed.
New 3-in. RGB densely packed YAG phosphor screens with a new green phosphor for HDTV projection CRT have been developed. The screens is fabricated using a centrifugal sedimentation method. The 10% screen spot diameter is 0.18 mm and the luminance of green phosphor screen is 7 X 104 cm/m2 at a cathode current of 0.5 mA and anode voltage of 29 KV. An experimental 48-in. TV set using the densely packed YAG projection CRT has very high resolution and 250 cd/m2 luminance.
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