Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) sensor is widely accepted as a structural stability device for all kinds of geomaterials by
either embedding into or bonding onto the structures. The physical model in geotechnical engineering, which can
accurately simulate the construction processes and the effects on the stability of underground caverns on basis of
satisfying the similarity principles, is an actual physical entity. Due to a large number of restrained factors, a series of
experiments are difficult to be carried out, in particular for how to obtain physical parameters during the experiments.
Using the geo-mechanical model test of underground caverns in Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station as a research
object, the FBG sensors were mainly focused on and adopted to figure out the problem how to achieve the small
displacements in the large-scale model test. The final experimental results show that the FBG sensor has higher
measuring accuracy than other conventional sensors like strain gages and mini-extensometers. The experimental results
agree well with the numerical simulation results. In the process of building the model, it's successful to embed the FBG
sensors in the physical model through making a reserved pore and adding some special glue. In conclusion, FBG sensors
can effectively measure the small displacement of monitoring points in the whole process of the geomechanical model
test. The experimental results reveal the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock mass and make
some guidance for the in-situ engineering construction.
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