KEYWORDS: Diffraction gratings, Beam splitters, Diffraction, Energy efficiency, Optical design, Near field diffraction, Binary data, LCDs, Radio propagation, Optical filters
A binary beam splitter and a color separation grating in Fresnel diffraction field are designed and analyzed by vector
theory. The grating period of both gratings is around 1.5λ, in the range of λ to 2λ, to ensure three diffraction orders only. The diffraction behavior is analyzed by modal method, so that the field distributions of the propagating modes and the
diffraction orders can be expressed. The first two even propagating modes are taken into account and the higher modes
are neglected. Using the initial solutions given by the modal method, the exact design parameters can be obtained by
RCWA without searching all the parameters. When the duty cycle is 0.5, the grating depth is 0.374μm and the beam
splitting plane is chosen at 2.06μm, the energy efficiency of the 1:2 beam splitter with wavelength 0.6328μm is 64.3%.
As the color separation grating for red color with wavelength 0.6328μm and blue color with wavelength 0.45μm, the
color separation plane is chosen at 4.22μm. The energy efficiencies are 73.3% and 75.9% for red color and blue color
respectively, and the color separation ratio is 0.9.
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