Coupled resonant optical waveguide (CROW) gyroscope is an important type of integrated optical gyroscope based on Sagnac effect. However, the traditional CROW design method relying on empirical adjustment of parameters is deficient in achieving its best capability and the poor Sagnac effect of micro-scale devices leads to unsatisfactory performance of integrated devices. Therefore, the present study proposes a new approach to design CROW gyroscope by applying intelligent optimization algorithm (PSO: particle swarm algorithm) to design CROW gyroscope. Three aspects of work will be explored: Firstly, a new evaluation index is proposed to evaluate the efficiency of integrated optical gyroscope area utilization (EGA). Secondly, The performance limits for different losses and the accuracy limits and related parameters that can be achieved by increasing the resonator area at different losses are also explored. Finally, we designed theoretical performance (The angle random walk) up to 29.1𝑑𝑒𝑔/√ℎ and only 1mm × 1mm in size.
The optical coupler can couple the light from the fiber into the waveguide, and the wavelength demultiplexer can split light into different wavelengths. Both devices play a very important role in optical chips, and combing them together can further reduce the chip footprint and improve the operating efficiency. In this work, based on the direct-binary-search (DBS) inverse design algorithm, we design two metamaterial couplers that can realize multi-wavelength demultiplexing. The two devices are based on silicon on insulator (SOI) and cover an ultra-compact footprint of 3.6 μm × 3.6 μm. The first device can couple and split 1310 nm and 1550 nm light into two separate waveguides with the coupling efficiencies of 0.26 and 0.27, respectively. The second device can couple and split 1310 nm ,1490 nm and 1550 nm light into three separate waveguides with the coupling efficiencies of 0.25, 0.2 and 0.23,respectively. The large number of guide-mode resonances in the device leads to this effect. The two couplers, especially for the three-wavelength demultiplexing coupler, can be used as splitter for monolithically silicon integrated transceivers at the main optical fiber communication wavelength of 1310 nm, 1490 nm and 1550 nm, which potentially meets the low-cost and ultra-compact requirements for future passive optical networks.
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