High-speed transmission optical devices often use a single-mode fiber as receiver. The fiber must be accurately aligned over five degrees of freedom with respect to an optical field. In previous works, it has been demonstrated that the optical coupling between axisymmetric Gaussian beams has distinctive parabolic, hyperbolic, and linear like characteristics that may be advantageously used to design automated alignment strategies. These properties were proven to exist experimentally when two single-mode fibers are used as receiver and emitter. This paper presents an experimental investigation of these properties for a practical optical coupling situation: the alignment of a receiving single-mode fiber with an optical device. For the purpose of this investigation, the optical device is comprised of an emitting fiber and two lenses mounted in series in order to form a converging optical field at the output of the second lense. A five axis nanopositionning system is used to move the receiving fiber relatively to the device. Even though optical fields are not exactly Gaussian, experiments demonstrate the existence of the properties within a practical range of interest for single-mode device-to-fiber alignment automation. These properties of the coupled optical power provide a strong basis to develop model-based algorithms for axisymmetric single-mode device-to-fiber alignment automation.
High-speed transmission optical devices and equipment often use a single-mode fiber as receiver or emitter. The fiber must be accurately aligned over five degrees of freedom with respect to an optical field. In this paper, we investigate a model-based approach which takes advantage of the properties of the optical coupling physical phenomenon. Using a Gaussian field approximation and an approximated solution of the overlap integral, two fundamental properties are first derived. Both are then validated by numerical simulations and experiments. A very simple alignment procedure is the proposed and tested experimentally using two single-mode fibers.
KEYWORDS: Actuators, Sensors, Systems modeling, Ferroelectric materials, Control systems, Vibration control, Electrodes, Active vibration control, Electric field sensors, Transducers
Successful active vibration control using piezoceramic (PZT) elements is usually based on a full understanding of the system. When a large number of sensors and actuators are used, mechanical coupling between the piezo-elements and the host structures may be strong. The control of such systems requires simulation models capable of taking the full coupling into account. This paper presents such a model on the basis of a rectangular plate with symmetrically integrated piezo-elements. Experimental validations have been systematically performed and showed that the established model is applicable to plates exhibiting relatively complex modal behavior. Using this model, actuators of different shapes (rectangular, circular, oval, etc.) and optimal control of the plate structure using PZT actuators and sensors are investigated. This work allows one to have a better understanding of active control of vibration with PZT and provides information about the importance of shape, size and number of sensors and actuators for active control applications.
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