This paper chooses precipitation and temperature data from 106 stations in the Northeast of China from 1951 to 2007.By
using time series analysis, Kriging analysis and other mathematical methods, combined with geographic information
system technology, we analyzed precipitation and temperature change on a time and space of this region during nearly
60 years. The results show that the average temperature in the northeastern region exhibits an increasing tendency during
nearly 60 years. The average temperature has stage characteristics. Temperature fluctuation was greater between 1951
and 1970. The temperature was mainly on the rise between 1971 and 1988 but the change range was relatively small.
Since 1989, there appeared significant warming process and the trend was obvious. On the precipitation change,
precipitation was decreasing tendency on this area and had bigger fluctuation. The period (1951-1970) is rainy period.
The period (1971-1988) is less rain period and annual fluctuation range of precipitation is not big. Since 1989, annual
fluctuation range of precipitation was relatively large. The period since 2000 was obvious less rain period. In the spatial
distribution, the temperature change range was gradually strengthened from the southwest to the northeast between
prophase and middle. Changes of precipitation have different degree decrease in most northeast area except northern
mountain area. The temperature change range was gradually strengthened from the southeast to the northwest between
middle and late. Precipitation changes range in the northern mountain of the area is smaller, while the western and
south-western plain areas have larger precipitation change range.
Ecological environment in the western Jilin Province is threatened by soil Stalinization. The study area is the west of
Jilin Province in China. By using TM image in 1993 and ETM+ image in 2003 from LANDSAT satellite and integrating
field survey, all kinds of maps and text datum, soil Stalinization information for the west of Jilin Province were
extracted by man-computer interactive interpretation method in Arcinfo GIS software and land use type (including
Stalinization soil) maps of 1993 and 2003 were finished. By the statistic analysis and spatial analysis, the primitive
status matrix and the transition probability matrix of different land use types from 1993 to 2003 were calculated. On the
basis of Markov model, the change trend of the Stalinization soil was forecast. The field data of 2001 was used to
validate the model, showing that the model is efficient and suitable for prediction. The results of calculation using the
Markov chain model showed that the Stalinization in study area is quite severe. If current policy is kept, the annual
mean rate growth of Stalinization is 4.29%, the area proportion of the study area will rise from 6.19% in 1993 to 6.81%
in 2013, and the area of Stalinization will rise to 322517.64 hm2 in 2013. Therefore, the question of Stalinization should
not be ignored, and effective measures should be taken to maintain healthy development of environment. According to
the results of the model, adjusting land-use / land cover pattern and providing scientific Basis for macroeconomic
decision become available
According to the characteristic of eco-environment in the Middle of Jilin Province and the requirement of societal
economic sustainable development and eco-environment protection and recovery, environmental quality evaluation
index system is established by the use of different subjects spacial data obtained from multi-sources. Meanwhile, a
model of synthetic evaluation of eco-environment is set up based on the grid data with RS and GIS technology. The
result of synthetic evaluation is achieved by spatial overlay analysis method. Through the analysis of the result, the
trend of eco-environment quality distribution is gained, as well as the quantificational numerical value of the ecoenvironmental
synthetic evaluation on the unit of county and city regionalism. Ultimately, quantitative analysis of ecoenvironment
quality in the region is achieved.
Using RS and GIS, based on the data of Landsat TM/ETM+, the paper analyzes land use/cover change and calculates their effects on ecosystem services value in the western of Jilin province from 1993 to 2003.The methods are based on ESV computing formula and ESV coefficients. The following results and conclusions could be obtained: From1993 to 2003,the area of rice paddy, woodland, unutilized and build-up land increased, among which the area of rice paddy increased most greatly and increased by 48782.72hm2, while grassland, wetland, water area, dry farmland decreased, among which the area of dry farmland decreased most greatly and decreased by 34354.72hm2 The total value of ecosystem services of the study area declined from ¥988.45×108 in 1993 to ¥ 921.12x108 in 2003,with the net decline of ¥ 67.33×108 during the 10-year time period; The contribution of various ecosystem functions to the overall value of the ecosystem services mainly comes from the increase in gas regulation, soil formation and disposition, food production and raw materials, while climate regulation, water conservation, recreation, waste treatment and bio-diversity conservation had a decreased effect. Raw materials increased most greatly and increased by 5.91%, while water conservation decreased most greatly and decreased by 9.60%. The sensitivity analysis suggested that these estimates are relatively robust.
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