KEYWORDS: Optical amplifiers, Laser systems engineering, Excimer lasers, Relays, Multiplexing, Mirrors, Computing systems, High power lasers, Gas lasers, Light sources
A large angularly multiplexed XeCl Excimer laser system is under development at the Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology (NINT). It is designed to explore the technical issues of uniform and controllable target illumination. Short wavelength, uniform and controllable target illumination is the fundamental requirement of high energy density physics research using large laser facility. With broadband, extended light source and multi-beam overlapping techniques, rare gas halide Excimer laser facility will provide uniform target illumination theoretically. Angular multiplexing and image relay techniques are briefly reviewed and some of the limitations are examined to put it more practical. The system consists of a commercial oscillator front end, three gas discharge amplifiers, two electron beam pumped amplifiers and the optics required to relay, encode and decode the laser beam. An 18 lens array targeting optics direct and focus the laser in the vacuum target chamber. The system is operational and currently undergoing tests. The total 18 beams output energy is more than 100J and the pulse width is 7ns (FWHM), the intensities on the target will exceed 1013W/cm2. The aberration of off-axis imaging optics at main amplifier should be minimized to improve the final image quality at the target. Automatic computer controlled alignment of the whole system is vital to efficiency and stability of the laser system, an array of automatic alignment model is under test and will be incorporated in the system soon.
The characteristics of Delano diagram are especially helpful in instrumental systems type with considerably separated components. For high power excimer laser system, especially for image relay scheme, the Delano diagram method is highly advantageous for the system’s thin lens layout design. A primitive experimental image relay and it’s combination optical layout is investigated in our high power XeCl laser system, with intensity smoothed spatial incoherent source. Instead of the uniform intensity distribution on the target as expected, it is obvious shows in the final image on the target that a gauss like intensity profile and a large amount of astigmatism results. There are two possible reasons: the first one is that not keeping proper relay of pupil plane (or Fourier plane) in the final stage, simply care the collimated beam of virtual object in the final focusing stage. With the help of Delano diagram, it’s clearly shown in the diagram that the Fourier plane and the image plane come very close, indicates that a complete image relay of the object plane and Fourier plane is needed. The second reason is due to the off-axis setup in the large aperture main amplifier, which introduce significant astigmatism aberrations in the final optical path. This question can be solved using proper tilt and de-center of reflective mirror pair setup, and two possible such combination pairs are proposed.
In this paper, we propose an approach to constructing reconfigurable vision system. We found that timely and efficient execution of early tasks can significantly enhance the performance of whole computer vision tasks, and abstract out a set of basic, computationally intensive stream operations that may be performed in parallel and embodies them in a series of specific front-end processors. These processors which based on FPGAs (Field programmable gate arrays) can be re-programmable to permit a range of different types of feature maps, such as edge detection & linking, image filtering. Front-end processors and a powerful DSP constitute a computing platform which can perform many CV tasks. Additionally we adopt the focus-of-attention technologies to reduce the I/O and computational demands by performing early vision processing only within a particular region of interest. Then we implement a multi-page, dual-ported image memory interface between the image input and computing platform (including front-end processors, DSP). Early vision features were loaded into banks of dual-ported image memory arrays, which are continually raster scan updated at high speed from the input image or video data stream. Moreover, the computing platform can be complete asynchronous, random access to the image data or any other early vision feature maps through the dual-ported memory banks. In this way, the computing platform resources can be properly allocated to a region of interest and decoupled from the task of dealing with a high speed serial raster scan input. Finally, we choose PCI Bus as the main channel between the PC and computing platform. Consequently, front-end processors' control registers and DSP's program memory were mapped into the PC's memory space, which provides user access to reconfigure the system at any time. We also present test result of a computer vision application based on the system.
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