Image Resolution (OTF) Through Atmospheric Turbulence Over The Ocean

E. C. Crittenden Jr.; A. W. Cooper; E. A. Milne; G. W. Rodeback; S. H. Kalmbach; R. L. Armstead

doi:10.1117/12.955867

18 November 1977 Image Resolution (OTF) Through Atmospheric Turbulence Over The Ocean

E. C. Crittenden Jr., A. W. Cooper, E. A. Milne, G. W. Rodeback, S. H. Kalmbach, R. L. Armstead

Proceedings Volume 0125, Advances in Laser Technology for the Atmospheric Sciences; (1977) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.955867
Event: 21st Annual Technical Symposium, 1977, San Diego, United States

Abstract

The optical transfer function (OTF) of the atmosphere has been measured over the ocean for four wavelengths from visible to far IR, using laser sources and a slit scanning telescope. The effects of diffraction, finite slit width, and aberrations have been removed by digital Fourier processing. The shapes of the curves of long term average OTF, and the image-centered (tracked) OTF, as well as the magnitude of the wander variance, all agree well with a theoretical model by Fried. Comparisons of the path-integrated values of Cn², obtained from the OTF, with the path-integrated values of Cn obtained from CT², indicate that, for nonuniform Cn2, the weighting of Cn² as a function of position on the path, behaves as predicted. This weighting heavily emphasizes the part of the path nearest the telescope for imaging devices, whereas scintillation emphasizes the path center. The weighting that applies to imaging devices also applies to beam-forming or projection sys-tems, with the heavily emphasized part near the projection optics. Measurement with a scanning telescope thus yields directly the properly weighted value for such systems.

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E. C. Crittenden Jr., A. W. Cooper, E. A. Milne, G. W. Rodeback, S. H. Kalmbach, and R. L. Armstead "Image Resolution (OTF) Through Atmospheric Turbulence Over The Ocean", Proc. SPIE 0125, Advances in Laser Technology for the Atmospheric Sciences, (18 November 1977); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.955867

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KEYWORDS

Modulation transfer functions

Optical transfer functions

Scintillation

Telescopes

Atmospheric optics

Atmospheric sciences

Atmospheric turbulence

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