Spectroscopic examination of enamel and dentin indicates erosion and staining by coffee through sequestration of elements

Sinai H. C. Manno; Francis A. M. Manno; Condon Lau

doi:10.1117/12.2507694

28 February 2019 Spectroscopic examination of enamel and dentin indicates erosion and staining by coffee through sequestration of elements

Sinai H. C. Manno, Francis A. M. Manno, Condon Lau

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Proceedings Volume 10857, Lasers in Dentistry XXV; 108570K (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507694
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2019, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

The mechanism of coffee eliciting erosion on teeth is unclear as few studies have investigated the direct effect of coffee on enamel and dentin structures. The present study identified how coffee, the most popular beverage worldwide, induces staining and erosion on teeth. We show the grade of erosion of molars and incisors in Sprague Dawley rats from two different age groups, young (four weeks) and old (six months). We quantified the concentration of metals contained in coffee by mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To determine elemental content in enamel (i.e. superficial) and dentin (i.e. substructure), we used Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, respectively. For LIBS, a significant decrease of Ca, P, and Na was observed in the young coffee group relative to agematched controls, whereas a significant increase in Mn, Fe, and K was observed. In the old coffee group, a significant increase of Mg, Fe, and K was observed along with a decrease of Mg, Ca, P, Na, Sr and Zn. For XRF, a significant decrease of the Ca/P ratio in the coffee group was observed. The SEM analysis showed pores and open spaces between young and old coffee groups, respectively. Thinning of enamel layers, loss of continuity in the enamel-dentin-junction, and wide spaces in dentin tubules with coffee use was found histologically. Coffee induces decalcification of teeth that corresponds to erosion, exposing the dentin structure by reducing enamel. Coffee immersion demonstrated an intrinsic staining in dentin by metal deposition.

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Sinai H. C. Manno, Francis A. M. Manno, and Condon Lau "Spectroscopic examination of enamel and dentin indicates erosion and staining by coffee through sequestration of elements", Proc. SPIE 10857, Lasers in Dentistry XXV, 108570K (28 February 2019); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507694

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KEYWORDS

Teeth

Calcium

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Iron

Spectroscopy

Chemical elements

Magnesium

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