Maximal free-space concentration of electromagnetic waves

Hyungki Shim; Haejun Chung; Owen D. Miller

doi:10.1117/12.2568137

20 August 2020 Maximal free-space concentration of electromagnetic waves

Hyungki Shim, Haejun Chung, Owen D. Miller

Proceedings Volume 11461, Active Photonic Platforms XII; 114610G (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2568137
Event: SPIE Nanoscience + Engineering, 2020, Online Only

Abstract

We derive upper bounds to free-space concentration of electromagnetic waves, mapping out the limits to maximum intensity for any spot size and optical beam-shaping device. For sub-diffraction-limited optical beams, our bounds suggest the possibility for orders-of-magnitude intensity enhancements compared to existing demonstrations, and we use inverse design to discover metasurfaces operating near these new limits. We also demonstrate that our bounds may surprisingly describe maximum concentration defined by a wide variety of metrics. Our bounds require no assumptions about symmetry, scalar waves, or weak scattering, instead relying primarily on the transformation of a quadratic program via orthogonal-projection methods. The bounds and inverse-designed structures presented here can be useful for applications from imaging to 3D printing.

Conference Presentation

Citation Download Citation

Hyungki Shim, Haejun Chung, and Owen D. Miller "Maximal free-space concentration of electromagnetic waves", Proc. SPIE 11461, Active Photonic Platforms XII, 114610G (20 August 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2568137

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