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Cavity top emission organic light-emitting diodes (TOLEDs) suffer from an angular color shift due to the microcavity effect, called white angular dependence (WAD). The hazy films embedding air-gaps exhibit high transparency as well as enhanced scratch resistance. The haze was systemically controlled by changing the size of the air-gaps, determined by the size of the nanostructure and the viscosity of the coated resin. The optimized hazy film significantly reduced WAD about 92 % in a multi-color TOLED without complicated design for red, green and blue colors. Optical simulations using FDTD were conducted to interpret the effect of haze on WAD.
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Won Seok Cho, Jae Yong Park, Sangwon Baek, Jong-Lam Lee, "Air bubbles embedded robust hazy film for reducing angular color shift in cavity organic light emitting diodes," Proc. SPIE 11473, Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXIV, 114731U (20 August 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2569044