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Computation of the wave propagation from the 3D scene to the hologram plane is the fundamental basis for synthesizing 3D computer-generated holograms (CGHs). Computational accuracy and efficiency are directly related to the wave propagation model and sampling strategy used in the diffraction calculation. In this study, wave propagation procedures in different CGH algorithms are comprehensively analyzed in frequency domain, which illustrates the reconstruction properties of different algorithms. Further, a generalized frequency sampling strategy is introduced in calculating wave propagation with high computational efficiency and flexibility. Numerical simulations and optical experiments are conducted to illustrate the performances of the CGH algorithms.
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