Diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS), also known as near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), offers sub-micromolar sensitivity to tissue composition, perfusion, and oxygen metabolism; low patient risk since DOS requires neither ionizing radiation nor contrast agents; and relatively low-cost instrumentation. Consequently, DOS methods are applied in virtually all major areas of clinical research including neurologic disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, and trauma/critical care. Compared to other medical imaging technologies, DOS allows for ultracompact integration that can enable handheld, wearable, and even implanted DOS-based sensing strategies. In this presentation, we discuss our work to create a handheld frequency-domain quantitative tissue imager and a tumor-implantable DOS-based sensor roughly the size of a standard breast radiological clip.
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