Nanotechnology is actively used for diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis against coronaviruses. To date, methods for producing antibodies and prototypes of vaccines for four types of coronaviruses have been developed. These are: transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus, avian coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and SARSCoV-2 coronavirus. Gold nanoparticles can be used as adjuvants to increase the effectiveness of vaccines by stimulating antigen-presenting cells and ensuring controlled antigen release. Thus, gold nanoparticles, which have adjuvant properties, can be an excellent tool in the design of effective vaccines against infectious diseases.
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