Accurate object tracking or target identification are key requirements in the automotive, consumer, and defence industries. These tasks require hardware to provide good quality images and accurate analysis routines to interpret the data. Here we will report on the use of next-generation single-photon avalanche detector (SPAD) array sensors combined with neural networks for high-speed three-dimensional imaging and object tracking. Such detectors enable three-dimensional imaging at high speeds and low light levels, and they can operate in a wide range of conditions and at large standoff distances. We will discuss the use of such detectors for tracking and monitoring airborne objects, such as drones. We will also discuss our recent work on human pose estimation, achieved from a low-cost SPAD time-of-flight sensor with only 4x4 pixels. Here we use neural networks to first increase the resolution of the data and then reconstruct the skeletal form of multiple humans in three dimensions. It is clear that the next generation of technology for object tracking and identification will use a combination of advanced imaging hardware and data fusion approaches. We will discuss our group's recent research in this area.
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