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28 October 2022 Use of dopants for detection of vapors of explosives by laser field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometer
Artem E. Akmalov, Alexander A. Chistyakov, Gennadii E. Kotkovskii, Vitaly A. Kostarev
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Proceedings Volume 12275, Counterterrorism, Crime Fighting, Forensics, and Surveillance Technologies VI; 1227502 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2635924
Event: SPIE Security + Defence, 2022, Berlin, Germany
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) today figures prominently among analytical methods for detection of explosives and is widely used for transport security. This method is highly appreciated for capability to distinguish low quantity of different types of explosives at atmospheric pressure. The main obstacle for sensing some kinds of explosives is their very low vapor pressure so that the limit of detection of state-of-the-art IMS instrumentation 10-13 –10-14 g/cm3 lacks at least an order of magnitude. In this paper we combine promising UV laser radiation along with application of organic compounds (dopants) to improve ionization efficiency and vapor detection capabilities of IMS. Dopants with low ionization energy (toluene and 1-methylnaphtalene) were used for negative ion formation of nitro group-based explosives: trinitrotoluene (TNT), cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). Presence of dopants in the sample results in multiple growth of ion yield at laser intensities lower than 2 × 107 W/cm2. Limits of detection with dopant-assisted laser ionization (4.7 × 10-16 g/cm3 for RDX and 9.8 × 10-15 g/cm3 for PETN) show up to 2-fold improvement compared with no dopant case. Results propose a way to further improve sensitivity of detectors and reduce manufacturing costs by lowering requirements to laser pulse energy and using cheaper lasers.
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Artem E. Akmalov, Alexander A. Chistyakov, Gennadii E. Kotkovskii, and Vitaly A. Kostarev "Use of dopants for detection of vapors of explosives by laser field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometer", Proc. SPIE 12275, Counterterrorism, Crime Fighting, Forensics, and Surveillance Technologies VI, 1227502 (28 October 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2635924
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KEYWORDS
Ions
Ionization
Explosives
Spectroscopy
Pulsed laser operation
Laser energy
Signal to noise ratio
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