Polarization and orientation dependent optical properties in Czochralski-grown transition metal doped β-Ga2O3

Benjamin L. Dutton; Cassandra Remple; Jani Jesenovec; Soroush Ghandiparsi; Miranda S. Gottlieb; Joel B. Varley; Lars F. Voss; Matthew D. McCluskey; John S. McCloy

doi:10.1117/12.2650406

16 March 2023 Polarization and orientation dependent optical properties in Czochralski-grown transition metal doped β-Ga₂O₃

Benjamin L. Dutton, Cassandra Remple, Jani Jesenovec, Soroush Ghandiparsi, Miranda S. Gottlieb, Joel B. Varley, Lars F. Voss, Matthew D. McCluskey, John S. McCloy

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 12422, Oxide-based Materials and Devices XIV; 1242205 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2650406
Event: SPIE OPTO, 2023, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Properties of monoclinic β-Ga2O3 are strongly dependent upon orientation. In the case of optical properties, polarization can reveal differences in optical bandgap and absorptions related to transition metal ions. This phenomenon is known as pleochroism and has been extensively studied in minerology. β-Ga2O3 bulk single crystals doped with Zn, Mn, Cr, or Cu were grown by the Czochralski and vertical gradient freeze methods. Ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) revealed polarization- and orientation-dependent optical absorptions in β-Ga2O3. Crystals were annealed in reducing and oxidizing environments in an attempt to alter the intensities of absorptions characteristic to the different transition metal oxidation states in a given ligand field. Visible pleochroism was strongest in (001) oriented Mndoped samples as shown by polarized optical microscopy. All samples were electrically insulating, indicative of acceptor doping, aside from Cr-doped samples where Cr acts as a deep donor.

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Benjamin L. Dutton, Cassandra Remple, Jani Jesenovec, Soroush Ghandiparsi, Miranda S. Gottlieb, Joel B. Varley, Lars F. Voss, Matthew D. McCluskey, and John S. McCloy "Polarization and orientation dependent optical properties in Czochralski-grown transition metal doped β-Ga₂O₃", Proc. SPIE 12422, Oxide-based Materials and Devices XIV, 1242205 (16 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2650406

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