Optofluidic lab-on-chip for nucleic acid detection via G-quadruplex-based DNA-nanomachine

Pavel Filatov; Daria Gorbenko; Alena Palekhova; Daler Dadadzhanov; Ilia Gorbenko; Dmitry Kolpashchikov

doi:10.1117/12.2673319

11 August 2023 Optofluidic lab-on-chip for nucleic acid detection via G-quadruplex-based DNA-nanomachine

Pavel Filatov, Daria Gorbenko, Alena Palekhova, Daler Dadadzhanov, Ilia Gorbenko, Dmitry Kolpashchikov

Proceedings Volume 12627, Translational Biophotonics: Diagnostics and Therapeutics III; 126272S (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2673319
Event: European Conferences on Biomedical Optics, 2023, Munich, Germany

Abstract

Efficient point-of-care (POC) molecular diagnostic techniques can be designed using highly selective hybridization of G-quadruplex-based DNA-nanomachine (G-4DNM) with specific analytes that produce readable outputs. We propose the design of G-4DNM that can unwind an analyte’s secondary structures, solving the problem of nucleic acid analytes’ recognition at ambient temperatures. S.aureus is a pathogen responsible for a number of nosocomial infections. For detection, we chose a specific gene that is constitutively expressed. S.aureus was analyzed by G-4DNM equipped with 3 long analyte binding arms to tightly bind and unwind single-stranded analytes. Only when all arms bind the analyte a G-quadruplex (G-4) structure is formed. This structure can form a complex with hemin, which exhibits peroxidase activity. In the presence of the G-4/hemin complex, the chemiluminescence (CL) of luminol molecules, activated by hydrogen peroxide, is enhanced. We evaluated the CL kinetics for several minutes, comparing them with the background signal using a highly sensitive photon counting head. The results indicated that S.aureus was recognized with high selectivity and sensitivity up to attomolar concentrations in a quartz cuvette. Our research provides the basis for rapid and affordable POC diagnostics. In the future, this system may become a full-fledged lab-on-a-chip for the detection of marker-sequenced nucleic acids.

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Pavel Filatov, Daria Gorbenko, Alena Palekhova, Daler Dadadzhanov, Ilia Gorbenko, and Dmitry Kolpashchikov "Optofluidic lab-on-chip for nucleic acid detection via G-quadruplex-based DNA-nanomachine", Proc. SPIE 12627, Translational Biophotonics: Diagnostics and Therapeutics III, 126272S (11 August 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2673319

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KEYWORDS

Sensors

Microfluidics

Nucleic acids

Chemiluminescence

Photon counting

Optofluidics

Signal detection

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