Design and optimisation of microphone arrays based on acoustic positioning of small UAVs

Sheng Cao; Decao Wu; Binbin Luo; Lei Deng; Mao Kuang; Yidong Wan; Mingfu Zhao

doi:10.1117/12.3025168

8 February 2024 Design and optimisation of microphone arrays based on acoustic positioning of small UAVs

Sheng Cao, Decao Wu, Binbin Luo, Lei Deng, Mao Kuang, Yidong Wan, Mingfu Zhao

Proceedings Volume 13066, International Conference on Optoelectronic Materials and Devices (ICOMD 2023); 130660G (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3025168
Event: 2023 International Conference on Optoelectronic Materials and Devices (COMD 2023), 2023, Chongqing, China

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to present a technique for enhancing multi-rotor spoke microphone array configurations through the utilisation of the Multiple Population Genetic Algorithm (MPGA) to meet the acoustic positioning demands of small UAVs. First, we analyse the pros and cons of both the Simple Genetic Algorithm (SGA) and the MPGA. Then, we construct the objective function using the main lobe width and peak side-lobe level as the optimisation parameters. To simplify the process, we determine the distance from the origin to each array element on a rotating arm and represent these coordinates as an array along the spoke of the rotating arm. This array serves as a sample individual based on the rotational symmetry of multiple rotating arms. The results of the simulation demonstrate that the method effectively enhances the resolution of the array in the UAV noise band by narrowing the main lobe width while maintaining the maximum sub-lobe level. Furthermore, this methodology showcases efficient convergence speed and resilience, emphasising the viability of utilising MPGA for the purpose of microphone array design. The current study introduces an effective optimisation approach for constructing microphone arrays used in acoustic positioning systems for small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The proposed method improves the performance and accuracy of acoustic localisation systems for UAVs and provides reliable technical support for monitoring and locating UAV missions.

(2024) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Citation Download Citation

Sheng Cao, Decao Wu, Binbin Luo, Lei Deng, Mao Kuang, Yidong Wan, and Mingfu Zhao "Design and optimisation of microphone arrays based on acoustic positioning of small UAVs", Proc. SPIE 13066, International Conference on Optoelectronic Materials and Devices (ICOMD 2023), 130660G (8 February 2024); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3025168

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KEYWORDS

Unmanned aerial vehicles

Acoustics

Design

Mathematical optimization

Genetic algorithms

Source localization

Signal detection

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