Minimizing losses in silver ion-exchanged waveguides using a double ion-exchange process

Jan Ingenhoff; Paul Lefebvre; W. G. Zhang; C.-Y. Li; Ludwig Ross; S. Iraj Najafi

doi:10.1117/12.205036

17 March 1995 Minimizing losses in silver ion-exchanged waveguides using a double ion-exchange process

Jan Ingenhoff, Paul Lefebvre, W. G. Zhang, C.-Y. Li, Ludwig Ross, S. Iraj Najafi

Proceedings Volume 2401, Functional Photonic Integrated Circuits; (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.205036
Event: Photonics West '95, 1995, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

We propose a two step ion exchange process to minimize the losses in silver ion-exchanged waveguides using aluminum as mask material. In a first step the sample with the Al-layer is treated in sodium nitrate in order to oxidize the aluminum. The second step involves an ion exchange in an AgNO₃/NaNO₃ salt mixture. We applied this method to prepare strip waveguides in a special glass substrate, BGG31, used for telecommunication devices. The low losses of the strip waveguides in BGG31 are important for applications such as integrated optical laser amplifiers that we suggest in this paper.

Citation Download Citation

Jan Ingenhoff, Paul Lefebvre, W. G. Zhang, C.-Y. Li, Ludwig Ross, and S. Iraj Najafi "Minimizing losses in silver ion-exchanged waveguides using a double ion-exchange process", Proc. SPIE 2401, Functional Photonic Integrated Circuits, (17 March 1995); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.205036

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