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The first ever deployed arthroscopic knee surgeries have been performed using a high resolution color head-mounted display (HMD) developed under the DARPA Advanced Flat Panel HMD program. THese procedures and several fixed hospital procedures have allowed both the system designers and surgeons to gain new insight into the use of a HMD for medical procedures in both community and combat support hospitals scenarios. The surgeons demonstrated and reported improved head-body orientation and awareness while using the HMD and reported several advantages and disadvantages of the HMD as compared to traditional CRT monitor viewing of the arthroscopic video images. The surgeries, the surgeon's comments, and a human factors overview of HMDs for Army surgical applications are discussed here.
Scott A. Nelson,D.E. Casey Jones,Patrick St. Pierre, andJames B. Sampson
"Arthroscopic knee surgery using the advanced flat panel high-resolution color head-mounted display", Proc. SPIE 3058, Head-Mounted Displays II, (18 June 1997); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.276640
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Scott A. Nelson, D.E. Casey Jones, Patrick St. Pierre, James B. Sampson, "Arthroscopic knee surgery using the advanced flat panel high-resolution color head-mounted display," Proc. SPIE 3058, Head-Mounted Displays II, (18 June 1997); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.276640