Controlling stress in sapphire optics

Maynard B. Smith; Keil A. Schmid; Frederick Schmid; Chandra P. Khattak; John C. Lambropoulos

doi:10.1117/12.295134

1 November 1997 Controlling stress in sapphire optics

Maynard B. Smith, Keil A. Schmid, Frederick Schmid, Chandra P. Khattak, John C. Lambropoulos

Proceedings Volume 3134, Optical Manufacturing and Testing II; (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.295134
Event: Optical Science, Engineering and Instrumentation '97, 1997, San Diego, CA, United States

Abstract

Precision optical fabrication is often influenced by surface stress introduced during processing. Various steps, such as lapping, grinding, polishing and coating, can influence optical figure and transmitted wave font in sapphire optics. The Twyman effect was used as a tool to measure the variation in stress form different processes and to investigate annealing treatments. Compressive stresses were generated by all fabrication techniques; however, the magnitude of stress varied considerably. The highest stress was generated during the transition from the brittle to ductile mode of removal; the lowest stress was observed during polishing with colloidal silica. Heat treatments were successful in removing machining stress from the parts. After heat treatment at 1450 degrees C, the remaining grinding-induced stress levels were too small to measure accurately.

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Maynard B. Smith, Keil A. Schmid, Frederick Schmid, Chandra P. Khattak, and John C. Lambropoulos "Controlling stress in sapphire optics", Proc. SPIE 3134, Optical Manufacturing and Testing II, (1 November 1997); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.295134

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