Multiple long-wavelength VCSEL arrays for low-cost WDM

Jack L. Jewell; Paul Daniel Dapkus; William Choi; David Lin; Aaron Bond; Stan E. Swirhun; James J. Coleman; A. M. Jones; Lawrence C. West; Charles W. Roberts

doi:10.1117/12.300922

1 February 1998 Multiple long-wavelength VCSEL arrays for low-cost WDM

Jack L. Jewell, Paul Daniel Dapkus, William Choi, David Lin, Aaron Bond, Stan E. Swirhun, James J. Coleman, A. M. Jones, Lawrence C. West, Charles W. Roberts

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 3234, Design and Manufacturing of WDM Devices; (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.300922
Event: Voice, Video, and Data Communications, 1997, Dallas, TX, United States

Abstract

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) emitting in the 1530-1565 nm region of flat gain in Er-doped fibers offer the potential for low-cost transmitters for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Methods are described to produce precisely-defined vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser arrays which: 1) efficiently utilize wafer real estate; 2) have precise and uniform wavelength distributions despite wafer thickness nonuniformity and wafer-to-wafer thickness variation; 3) are compatible with known multiplexing technologies; 4) have minimum wavelength variation with temperature. Epitaxial growth on patterned substrates with varying-size mesas has been shown to produce multiple-wavelength VCSEL arrays by Iga's group at the Tokyo Institute of Technology. This can be combined with additional refinements to fine tune the wavelengths, increase yield, and to maximize VCSEL efficiency, manufacturability and performance. Multi-wavelength VCSEL arrays represent a much lower cost, more controllable alternative to distributed-feedback laser arrays for WDM sources. The difference in laser output powers can be largely compensated via use of an Er-doped fiber amplifier within the transmitter. Reports such as that by ElectroniCast point to transmitters and receivers as being the most vital WDM components, in terms of both cost and technology.

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Jack L. Jewell, Paul Daniel Dapkus, William Choi, David Lin, Aaron Bond, Stan E. Swirhun, James J. Coleman, A. M. Jones, Lawrence C. West, and Charles W. Roberts "Multiple long-wavelength VCSEL arrays for low-cost WDM", Proc. SPIE 3234, Design and Manufacturing of WDM Devices, (1 February 1998); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.300922

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KEYWORDS

Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers

Wavelength division multiplexing

Transmitters

Semiconducting wafers

Electronic components

Fiber amplifiers

Fiber lasers

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