Potential applications of a small high-surface-area platinum electrode as an implanted impedance biosensor or recording electrode

Yvonne Y. Duan; Rodney E. Millard; Michael Tykocinski; Xuguang Lui; Graeme M. Clark; Robert S. C. Cowan

doi:10.1117/12.420852

21 March 2001 Potential applications of a small high-surface-area platinum electrode as an implanted impedance biosensor or recording electrode

Yvonne Y. Duan, Rodney E. Millard, Michael Tykocinski, Xuguang Lui, Graeme M. Clark, Robert S. C. Cowan

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 4235, Smart Structures and Devices; (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.420852
Event: Smart Materials and MEMS, 2000, Melbourne, Australia

Abstract

A small Platinum (Pt) electrode (geometric area: ~O.43 mm2) was treated in an electrochemical etching process, to produce a highly porous columnar thin layer (~6OO nm) on the surface of the electrode. The modified Pt electrode (Pt-p) showed similar electrical properties to a platinum-black electrode but with high mechanical integrity. Previous studies of chronic stimulation had also shown good biocompatibility and surface stability over several months implantation. This paper discusses the potential applications of the modified electrode as an implanted bio-sensor: (1) as a recording electrode compared to an untreated Pt electrode. (2) as a probe in detecting electrical characteristics of living biological material adjacent to the electrode in vivo, which may correlate to inflammation or trauma repair. Results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed much lower electrode interface polarisation impedance, reduced overall electrode impedance, and a largely constant impedance above 100 Hz for the Pt-p electrode compared with untreated Pt electrodes. This provides a platform for recording biological events with low noise interference. Results of AC. impedance spectroscopy of the high surface area electrode only reflect changes in the surrounding biological environment in the frequency range (1 kHz to 100 kHz), interference from electrode polarisation impedance can be neglected. The results imply that the surface-modified electrode is a good candidate for application to implantable biosensors for detecting bio-electric events. The modification procedure and its high surface area concept could have application to a smart MEMS device or microelectrode.

Citation Download Citation

Yvonne Y. Duan, Rodney E. Millard, Michael Tykocinski, Xuguang Lui, Graeme M. Clark, and Robert S. C. Cowan "Potential applications of a small high-surface-area platinum electrode as an implanted impedance biosensor or recording electrode", Proc. SPIE 4235, Smart Structures and Devices, (21 March 2001); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.420852

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