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(c) object shape, size and material. In view of impracticality of generating utility response information directly in the field, Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation of radar wave propagation is carried out. The present work describes the database generation of GPR responses through simulation using an exclusive software GprMaxV2.0. A buried utility pipe produces a hyperbolic pattern in the radargram. In general, utilities may be made of metal, concrete or PVC; may lie within a shallow depth of about 0.5m-1.0m and their diameters may range upto to 1.0m; the relative permittivity of a dry soil could vary from about 4 to 15. Considering these aspects, problem of a pipe buried in soil is formulated, radargrams are simulated and variations of amplitudes and hyperbolic patterns are studied. To minimize the time-intensive simulations, Response surface method (RSM) is used to model amplitudes and hyperbolic patterns as functions of their influencing parameters. A database of simulated responses along with RSM modeling is seen to be a useful component of or complement to an urban utility information system. |
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General packet radio service
Finite-difference time-domain method
Antennas
Data modeling
Metals
Remote sensing
Databases
