Optical coherence microscopy of mouse cortical vasculature surrounding implanted electrodes

Daniel X. Hammer; Andrea Lozzi; Erkinay Abliz; Noah Greenbaum; Kevin P. Turner; T. Joshua Pfefer; Anant Agrawal; Victor Krauthamer; Cristin G. Welle

doi:10.1117/12.2040972

5 March 2014 Optical coherence microscopy of mouse cortical vasculature surrounding implanted electrodes

Daniel X. Hammer, Andrea Lozzi, Erkinay Abliz, Noah Greenbaum, Kevin P. Turner, T. Joshua Pfefer, Anant Agrawal, Victor Krauthamer, Cristin G. Welle

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 8928, Optical Techniques in Neurosurgery, Neurophotonics, and Optogenetics; 892804 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2040972
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2014, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Optical coherence microscopy (OCM) provides real-time, in-vivo, three-dimensional, isotropic micron-resolution structural and functional characterization of tissue, cells, and other biological targets. Optical coherence angiography (OCA) also provides visualization and quantification of vascular flow via speckle-based or phase-resolved techniques. Performance assessment of neuroprosthetic systems, which allow direct thought control of limb prostheses, may be aided by OCA. In particular, there is a need to examine the underlying mechanisms of chronic functional degradation of implanted electrodes. Angiogenesis, capillary network remodeling, and changes in flow velocity are potential indicators of tissue changes that may be associated with waning electrode performance. The overall goal of this investigation is to quantify longitudinal changes in vascular morphology and capillary flow around neural electrodes chronically implanted in mice. We built a 1315-nm OCM system to image vessels in neocortical tissue in a cohort of mice. An optical window was implanted on the skull over the primary motor cortex above a penetrating shank-style microelectrode array. The mice were imaged bi-weekly to generate vascular maps of the region surrounding the implanted microelectrode array. Acute effects of window and electrode implantation included vessel dilation and profusion of vessels in the superficial layer of the cortex (0-200 μm). In deeper layers surrounding the electrode, no qualitative differences were seen in this early phase. These measurements establish a baseline vascular tissue response from the cortical window preparation and lay the ground work for future longitudinal studies to test the hypothesis that vascular changes will be associated with chronic electrode degradation.

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Daniel X. Hammer, Andrea Lozzi, Erkinay Abliz, Noah Greenbaum, Kevin P. Turner, T. Joshua Pfefer, Anant Agrawal, Victor Krauthamer, and Cristin G. Welle "Optical coherence microscopy of mouse cortical vasculature surrounding implanted electrodes", Proc. SPIE 8928, Optical Techniques in Neurosurgery, Neurophotonics, and Optogenetics, 892804 (5 March 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2040972

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