Slumped glass foils as substrate for adjustable x-ray optics

Bianca Salmaso; Stefano Basso; Marta Civitani; Mauro Ghigo; Joanna Hołyszko; Carlo Pelliciari; Daniele Spiga; Gabriele Vecchi; Giovanni Pareschi

doi:10.1117/12.2238933

8 September 2016 Slumped glass foils as substrate for adjustable x-ray optics

Bianca Salmaso, Stefano Basso, Marta Civitani, Mauro Ghigo, Joanna Hołyszko, Carlo Pelliciari, Daniele Spiga, Gabriele Vecchi, Giovanni Pareschi

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 9965, Adaptive X-Ray Optics IV; 99650B (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238933
Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2016, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Thin glass modular mirrors are a viable solution to build future X-ray telescopes with high angular resolution and large collecting area. In our laboratories, we shape thin glass foils by hot slumping and we apply pressure to assist the replication of a cylindrical mould figure; this technology is coupled with an integration process able to damp low frequency errors and produces optics in the Wolter I configuration, typical for the X-ray telescopes. From the point of view of the hot slumping process, the efforts were focused in reducing low-, mid- and high- frequency errors of the formed Eagle glass foils. Some of our slumped glass foils were used for the development of active X-ray optics, where piezoelectric actuators are used to correct the slumped glass foil deviations from the ideal shape. In particular, they were used for the Adjustable X-raY optics for astrOnoMy project (AXYOM) developed in Italy, and the X-ray Surveyor mission, as developed at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory / Center for Astrophysics (SAO/CfA) in USA. In this paper we describe the optimisation of the hot slumping process, comparing the results with the requirements of the considered active optics projects. Finally, since the present configuration of the Pennsylvania State University (PSU) coating equipment is limited to 100 x 100 mm², the slumped glass foils used for the SAO project were cut from 200 x 200 mm² to 100 x 100 mm², and a low-frequency change was observed. A characterisation of the profile change upon cutting is presented.

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Bianca Salmaso, Stefano Basso, Marta Civitani, Mauro Ghigo, Joanna Hołyszko, Carlo Pelliciari, Daniele Spiga, Gabriele Vecchi, and Giovanni Pareschi "Slumped glass foils as substrate for adjustable x-ray optics", Proc. SPIE 9965, Adaptive X-Ray Optics IV, 99650B (8 September 2016); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238933

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KEYWORDS

Glasses

X-ray optics

X-rays

Photovoltaics

Mirrors

Active optics

Annealing

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