Google started the WebM Project in 2010 to develop open source, royaltyfree
video codecs designed specifically for
media on the Web. The second generation codec released by the WebM project, VP9, is currently served by YouTube,
and enjoys billions of views per day. Realizing the need for even greater compression efficiency to cope with the
growing demand for video on the web, the WebM team embarked on an ambitious project to develop a next edition
codec, VP10, that achieves at least a generational improvement in coding efficiency over VP9. Starting from VP9, a set
of new experimental coding tools have already been added to VP10 to achieve decent coding gains. Subsequently,
Google joined a consortium of major tech companies called the Alliance for Open Media to jointly develop a new codec
AV1. As a result, the VP10 effort is largely expected to merge with AV1. In this paper, we focus primarily on new tools
in VP10 that improve coding of the prediction residue using transform coding techniques. Specifically, we describe tools
that increase the flexibility of available transforms, allowing the codec to handle a more diverse range or residue
structures. Results are presented on a standard test set.
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