Based on the maximum detection range, the detection capability of space-based camera for space debris is analyzed in the paper. We perform grid generation method on the debris target and analyze the shadowing effects among the grids, building the geometry modeling of cone target sequentially. The calculation model of optical infrared characteristics is established, taking into consideration the target self-radiation and radiation reflection characteristics of the material on surface. The radiation energy of the target is only depended on the reflection of earth’s radiation and its self-radiation in the simulation proposed in the paper. Based on the maximum detection range formula, the numerical simulation presented shows that when the space-based target radiation intensity is 21.54W/sr and optical system aperture is 0.5m, the maximum detection range is 17279km. The simulation results theoretically contribute to the estimation of camera parameters and analysis on the detection capability.
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