In recent years Hollow Core fibres (HCF) technology has improved its performance indicators by orders of magnitude in many directions, making it a contender for the next generation of numerous fibre based optical devices, as well as an enabler for novel applications currently unthinkable with standard glass-guiding fibres.
Loss wise, air guiding fibres with lower loss than fundamentally achievable in any other glass are now possible at wavelengths spanning from the visible to the VCSEL and laser delivery wavelengths of 850 and 1060 nm, respectively. At telecommunication wavelengths, the loss of HCFs is now down to 0.22dB/km, with a rate of progress that seems to indicate that further improvements are possible. And in the mid-infrared, HCFs made of silica of soft glasses with broad bandwidth and sub dB/m or lower are becoming available.
Besides, the latest generation of HCFs is now capable of producing better polarization purity, transmitting higher CW powers over longer distances without incurring in nonlinear spectral degradation, and of transmitting high-capacity data signals over thousands of kilometers.
We will review some of these recent highlights, with a particular emphasis on the results achieved in our group at the University of Southampton.
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