Augmented and virtual reality imaging for collaborative planning of structural cardiovascular interventions: a proof-of-concept and validation study

Jacquemyn Xander; Kobe Bamps; Ruben Moermans; Christophe Dubois; Filip Rega; Peter Verbrugghe; Barbara Weyn; Steven Dymarkowski; Werner Budts; Alexander Van De Bruaene

doi:10.1117/1.JMI.11.6.062606

8 October 2024 Augmented and virtual reality imaging for collaborative planning of structural cardiovascular interventions: a proof-of-concept and validation study

Jacquemyn Xander, Kobe Bamps, Ruben Moermans, Christophe Dubois, Filip Rega, Peter Verbrugghe, Barbara Weyn, Steven Dymarkowski, Werner Budts, Alexander Van De Bruaene

Author Affiliations +

Journal of Medical Imaging, Vol. 11, Issue 6, 062606 (October 2024). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.11.6.062606

Abstract

Purpose

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have led to significant advancements in cardiac preoperative planning, shaping the world in profound ways. A noticeable gap exists in the availability of a comprehensive multi-user, multi-device mixed reality application that can be used in a multidisciplinary team meeting.

Approach

A multi-user, multi-device mixed reality application was developed, supporting AR and VR implementations. Technical validation involved a standardized testing protocol and comparison of AR and VR measurements regarding absolute error and time. Preclinical validation engaged experts in interventional cardiology, evaluating the clinical applicability prior to clinical validation. Clinical validation included patient-specific measurements for five patients in VR compared with standard computed tomography (CT) for preoperative planning. Questionnaires were used at all stages for subjective evaluation.

Results

Technical validation, including 106 size measurements, demonstrated an absolute median error of 0.69 mm (0.25 to 1.18 mm) compared with ground truth. The time to complete the entire task was 892±407 s on average, with VR measurements being faster than AR (804±483 versus 957±257 s, P=0.045). On clinical validation of five preoperative patients, there was no statistically significant difference between paired CT and VR measurements (0.58 [95% CI, −1.58 to 2.74], P=0.586). Questionnaires showcased unanimous agreement on the user-friendly nature, effectiveness, and clinical value.

Conclusions

The mixed reality application, validated through technical, preclinical, and clinical assessments, demonstrates precision and user-friendliness. Further research of our application is needed to validate the generalizability and impact on patient outcomes.

Citation Download Citation

Jacquemyn Xander, Kobe Bamps, Ruben Moermans, Christophe Dubois, Filip Rega, Peter Verbrugghe, Barbara Weyn, Steven Dymarkowski, Werner Budts, and Alexander Van De Bruaene "Augmented and virtual reality imaging for collaborative planning of structural cardiovascular interventions: a proof-of-concept and validation study," Journal of Medical Imaging 11(6), 062606 (8 October 2024). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.11.6.062606

Received: 8 February 2024; Accepted: 11 September 2024; Published: 8 October 2024

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KEYWORDS

Virtual reality

Mixed reality

Augmented reality

Biomedical applications

3D modeling

Computed tomography

Autoregressive models

Purpose

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