Assessing regularization in tomographic imaging via hallucinations in the null space

Sayantan Bhadra; Varun A. Kelkar; Frank J. Brooks; Mark A. Anastasio

doi:10.1117/12.2581316

15 February 2021 Assessing regularization in tomographic imaging via hallucinations in the null space

Sayantan Bhadra, Varun A. Kelkar, Frank J. Brooks, Mark A. Anastasio

Proceedings Volume 11599, Medical Imaging 2021: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment; 115990N (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2581316
Event: SPIE Medical Imaging, 2021, Online Only

Abstract

Tomographic imaging is an ill-posed linear inverse problem, and is often regularized using prior knowledge of the sought-after object property. However, typical hand-crafted priors such as sparsity-promoting penalties may be insufficient to comprehensively describe the prior knowledge of the object to-be-imaged. In order to utilize more detailed prior knowledge, data-driven methods using deep neural networks have recently been explored for learning a prior from existing image data. However, an analysis of the ability of such data-driven methods to generalize to data that may lie outside the training distribution is still under investigation. This is particularly critical for medical imaging applications. In order to address such concerns, in this work we propose to understand the effect of the prior imposed by a reconstruction method by comparing the null components of the sought-after object and its reconstructed estimate, when ground truth objects are available. The concept of a hallucination map is introduced for the purpose of assessing non-data-driven and data-driven regularization for image reconstruction. Numerical studies were conducted using stylized undersampled k-space measurements from publicly available magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets. It is demonstrated that the proposed method can be employed to identify the source of false structures in estimates of the sought-after object for a given reconstruction method.

Conference Presentation

Citation Download Citation

Sayantan Bhadra, Varun A. Kelkar, Frank J. Brooks, and Mark A. Anastasio "Assessing regularization in tomographic imaging via hallucinations in the null space", Proc. SPIE 11599, Medical Imaging 2021: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment, 115990N (15 February 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2581316

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