The pressure sensor is an essential device for pressure measurement and safety evaluation in modern industrial production and engineering applications. A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) pressure sensor is proposed. The FBG pressure sensor is designed based on a Bourdon tube and cantilever beam. Two FBGs are fixed on both sides of the elastomer with a sensitization effect, and the elastomer and the Bourdon tube are connected by spring. The sensing principle of the FBG pressure sensor is introduced in detail, the mathematical model of the sensor is established, and the performance of the sensor is studied. The experimental results show that the average sensitivity is 5.578 nm/MPa in the range of 0 to 0.4 MPa. The maximum error is 1.3% in the temperature range of −10°C to 70°C, and the temperature compensation performance is good. The remote transmission performance of the sensor is tested. The transmission loss of the sensor is about 0.433 dBm/km when the fiber cable length is 8.45 km. The field application is carried out in a pipeline experimental site, which verifies the practicability of the sensor.