A scalar theory, verified by the Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis (RCWA), is used to compare the performance of
optical surfaces with a specified roughness. It is shown that for surfaces with identical micro roughness structures,
backward scattered light level for a reflecting surface is much higher than the forward scattered light produced
by the surface of a refractive optical element made from typical optical glass. This implies that application
of refractive components (such as transmission gratings and lenses) in optical systems where scattered light
background is a limiting factor of the instrument performance may be advantageous over reflective components
such as reflection gratings and mirrors.
Blood tests are an essential tool in clinical medicine with the ability diagnosis or monitor various diseases and
conditions; however, the complexities of these measurements currently restrict them to a laboratory setting. P&P Optica
has developed and currently produces patented high performance spectrometers and is developing a spectrometer-based
system for rapid reagent-free blood analysis. An important aspect of this analysis is the need to extract the analyte
specific information from the measured signal such that the analyte concentrations can be determined. To this end,
advanced chemometric methods are currently being investigated and have been tested using simulated spectra. A blood
plasma model was used to generate Raman, near infrared, and optical rotatory dispersion spectra with glucose as the
target analyte. The potential of combined chemometric techniques, where multiple spectroscopy modalities are used in a
single regression model to improve the prediction ability was investigated using unfold partial least squares and
multiblock partial least squares. Results show improvement in the predictions of glucose levels using the combined
methods and demonstrate potential for multiblock chemometrics in spectroscopic blood analysis.
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