The tympanic membrane plays a key role in the human hearing by translating air pressure waves into bone vibrations, and its function and dynamics are directly linked to various pathologies and hearing disorders. Current methods for imaging tympanic membrane dynamics, including stroboscopic holography and Doppler OCT would be challenging for in-vivo applications due to high system complexity or the need for point-by-point scanning. Here, we demonstrate in-vivo imaging of the tympanic membrane dynamics of a human volunteer using interferometric spectrally encoded endoscopy (iSEE). Briefly, in iSEE, spectral interference between a reference signal and the reflectance along a spectrally encoded transverse line is captured by a high speed (20 kHz) spectrometer. Using single-axis scanning across the membrane provides a two-dimensional interferometric data that is later analyzed using specialized software. The imaging probe includes a single optical fiber, optics for light delivery and scanning of the tympanic membrane, and a dedicated port for transmitting the excitation acoustic signals comprised of multiple single-frequency stimuli. Measuring the full vibration patterns of the tympanic membrane would help scientists to study signal transduction into the middle ear and observe the three-dimensional acoustic motion of the membrane. From a clinical perspective, the study could be used for developing a compact system that could be incorporated into conventional clinical otoscopes for providing functional information noninvasively with unprecedented resolution and sensitivity.
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