Cristiane Rosa, Fernando Antonio Habib, Telma de Araújo, Jean dos Santos, Maria Cristina Cangussu, Artur Felipe Barbosa, Isabele Cardoso de Castro, Luiz Guilherme Soares, Antonio Pinheiro
A quick bone formation after maxillary expansion would reduce treatment timeand the biomodulating effects of LED light could contribute for it. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of LED phototherapy on the acceleration of bone formation at the midpalatal suture after maxilla expansion. Thirty rats divided into 6 groups were used on the study at 2 time points - 7 days: Control; Expansion; and Expansion + LED; and 14 days: Expansion; Expansion + LED in the first week; Expansion and LED in the first and second weeks. LED irradiation occurred at every 48 h during 2 weeks. Expansion was accomplished using a spatula and maintained with a triple helicoid of 0.020” stainless steel orthodontic wire. A LED light (λ850 ± 10nm, 150mW ± 10mW, spot of 0.5cm2, t=120 sec, SAEF of 18J/cm2) was applied in one point in the midpalatal suture immediately behind the upper incisors. Near infrared Raman spectroscopic analysis of the suture region was carried and data submitted to statistical analyzes (p≤0.05). Raman spectrum analysis demonstrated that irradiation increased hydroxyapatite in the midpalatal suture after expansion. The results of this indicate that LED irradiation; have a positive biomodulation contributing to the acceleration of bone formation in the midpalatal suture after expansion procedure.
Up to date the success of tooth replantation is still limited. The majority of the teeth is lost due to progressive external root resorption. The aim of this study was to assess, histologically, the effect of laser photobiomodulation on repair after tooth replantation. Sixty Wistar Albinus rats had the right upper incisor extracted and then divided into 4 groups: G1 - absence of storage medium; G2 - milk u s e d as storage medium; G3 – milk used as storage medium a n d followed by GaAlAs laser irradiation on dental surfaces and at the entrance of alveolus; G4 - milk used as storage medium associated with laser irradiation as in G3 before and after replantation on the buccal and palatal mucosa every 48 hours for 15 days. The animals were sacrificed at 15, 30 and 60 days after replantation. The results showed that after 15 days G4 exhibit more intense chronic inflammation, with presence of clastic cells and moderate inflammatory root resorption (p<0.05) when compared to G3, which presented absence of those parameters. At day 30 in G1, G2 and G4 mild to moderate chronic inflammation and severe external root resorption were observed. G3 remained with no inflammation and inflammatory root resorption with 30 and 60 days of healing experimental times. The results suggest that laser irradiation on the dental entrance of the dental alveolus prior to tooth replantation has a positive biomodulative effect on the healing process in rats.
Benefits of the isolated or combined use light and biomaterials on bone healing have been suggested. Our group has used several models to assess the effects of laser on bone. A Raman spectral analysis on surgical bone defects grafted or not with Hydroxyapatite (HA), treated or not with LED was carried out. 40 rats were divided into 4 groups. On Group I the defect was filled with the clot. On Group II, the defect was filled with the HA. On groups III the defect was filled with Clot and further irradiated with LED and on group IV the defects was filled with the HA and further irradiated with LED. LED (λ850 ± 10nm, 150mW, A= 0.5cm2, 68s, 20 J/cm2 per session, 140 J/cm2 per treatment) was applied at 48 h intervals during 15 days. Specimens were taken after 15 and 30 days after surgery and kept on liquid nitrogen, and underwent Raman analysis. For this, the peak of hydroxyapatite (~960 cm-1) was used as marker of bone mineralization. Significant difference was observed at both times (p<0.05). When the biomaterial was used higher peaks were observed. Association with LED further improved the intensity. Conclusion: It is concluded that LED light improved the effect of the HA.
Leishmaniasis, a protozoan parasitic disease that remains a major worldwide health problem with high endemicity in
developing countries. Treatment of cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) should be decided by the clinical lesions, etiological
species and its potential to develop into mucosal Leishmaniasis. High cost, systemic toxicity, and diminished efficacy
due to development of parasite resistance are the serious drawbacks of current treatment options. Thus, identifying new, effective, and safer anti-leishmanial drug(s) is of paramount importance. The aim of this study was to verify the
effectiveness of PACT in vitro, as a new technique for the treatment of Leishmaniasis. For this, semiconductor laser (λ =
660nm, 40mW, 8.4J/cm2, CW) associated to phenothiazine’s derivatives (5 and 10 μg/ml, TBO, Methylene Blue or Phenothiazine) on the promastigotes form of Leishmania braziliensis in a single session was used. Viability of the parasites was assessed in quadruplicates of each group. The samples were removed and analyzed in a hemocytometer 72h after PACT. We found an important decrease in the number of viable parasites on all treated groups in comparison to their controls. The results of present study showed significant percentage of lethality (above 92%) of the protocol. The 98.33% of lethality was achieved with 10 μg/ml of FTZ. No lethality was seen on groups treated neither with laser nor with each compounds separately. The results are promising and indicative that the use of PACT may be a powerful treatment of Leishmaniasis when compared to already available ones.
Leishmaniasis is a complex disease that affects more than 12 million people in 88 countries worldwide. Leishmania
(Viannia) braziliensis is the most common species in the Americas and the most important causative agent of cutaneous
and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil. The therapeutic arsenal routinely employed to treat patients with
leishmaniasis is limited and unsatisfactory. For cutaneous leishmaniasis, pentavalent antimonials are the first line
therapeutic scheme recommended by the WHO. These compounds are highly toxic, poorly tolerated and their
effectiveness highly variable. In this work, a technique with, so far, an unknown disadvantage is discussed. The aim of
this study was to verify the effectiveness of PACT in vitro, as a new technique for the treatment of Leishmaniasis. For
this, semiconductor laser (λ = 660nm, 40mW, 4.2J/cm2, CW) associated to phenothiazine's derivatives (5 and 10 μg/ml,
TBO, Methylene Blue or Phenothiazine) on the promastigotes form of Leishmania braziliensis in a single session was
used. Viability of the parasites was assessed in quadruplicates of each group. The samples were removed and analyzed in
a hemocytometer 72h after PACT. We found an important decrease in the number of viable parasites on all treated
groups in comparison to their controls. The results of present study showed significant percentage of lethality (above
95%) of the protocol. The 99.23% of lethality was achieved with 10 μg/ml of TBO. No lethality was seen on groups
treated neither with laser nor with each compounds separately. The results are promising and indicative that the use of
PACT may be a powerful treatment of leishmaniasis when compared to already available ones.
We studied peaks of calcium hydroxyapatite - CHA on defects grafted with MTA, treated or not with Light Emitting
Diode - LED or IR Laser. 54 rats were divided in 6 groups each subdivided into 3 subgroups (15,21,30d). LED (λ850 ±
10nm) or IR Laser (λ850 nm) was applied over (LED) or in 4 points around the defect at 48 h intervals for 15 days.
Raman readings were taken at the surface of the defect. The smaller overall intensity of the peak was found in Group
MTA + Laser (1510.2 ± 274.1) and the highest on Group LED (2322 ± 715). There were no statistically significant
differences between non-irradiated subjects on regards the CHA peaks. On the other hand, there were statistically
significant differences between the Group Clot and LED, Clot and Laser, and Clot and MTA + Laser (p =0.01, p = 0.02,
p = 0.003). There were no significant differences between Group MTA and MTA + LED (p=0.2) but significant
differences were seen between Groups MTA and MTA + Laser (p=0.01). Significant differences were also observed
between Groups LED and Laser (p <0.001) and between Groups MTA + LED and MTA + Laser (p=0.009). MTA, due
to its characteristics, seemed to be directly affected by the light. However, the use of either phototherapy positively
affected bone healing similarly as observed on different studies using other biomaterials. The overall analysis of our
results indicated that the use of either light source resulted in a better, more advanced, and of quality bone repair.
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