With the developments of optical design, testing and manufacturing technology, aspherical optics are applied more often. However, high precision aspherical optics are not widely used in many fields due to the high cost of manufacturing. In order to reduce the cost, an approach to realize the fast manufacturing of high precision aspherical optics is proposed. The bonnet polishing, computer controlled optical surfacing (CCOS) and magnetorheological finishing (MRF) are utilized in combination during the manufacturing process. Firstly, the rough polishing of the aspherical optics is accomplished by bonnet polishing. Secondly, the surface error are smoothed to reduce mid-frequency surface error by CCOS smoothing polishing equipment. Finally, the deterministic manufacturing is carried out by MRF equipment. The fast manufacturing technology has been applied on a paraboloidal mirror of 237mm in diameter. The experimental results show that aspherical optics can reach λ /60 (rms, @λ =632.8nm) in 33 hours by using the combined manufacturing technology. The fast manufacturing technology can provide high precision and high efficiency for aspherical optics.
In some optical systems, high requirements are put forward for the roughness of the thin-walled side of infrared materials, and ultra-precision grinding is needed. In this paper, the removal of residual tool marks in the side forming process of such parts is studied, and the influence of two different grinding methods of fixed abrasive on the side roughness is analyzed, and polycrystalline magnesium fluoride (MgF2) is taken as the research object. Firstly, the comparative experiment of peripheral grinding on the side of MgF2 is carried out by using diamond grinding wheel with different particle sizes, and then the end grinding is carried out by using different particle sizes of pellets. It is proved that the tool marks can be removed by end face grinding, and the surface roughness Ra decreases from 1.4241μm to 0.0458μm.
Silicon aspherical optics are of widely used these years with the development of the improvement of optical manufacturing and testing technologies. Single point diamond turning for silicon aspherical optics can obtain high surface precision. However, the surface microscopic quality is difficult to reach the ideal specification, caused by the limitation of material characteristics. An experimental study on the combined manufacturing technology of single point diamond turning and polishing has been carried out and proposed in this paper. The optimum turning parameters of the main factors affecting the micro-nano quality of silicon diamond turning surface, such as cutting depth, spindle speed and feeding speed, were obtained by orthogonal experiments. After polishing, the surface roughness was reduced from 5.35 nm to 1.16 nm. Meanwhile, the PSD was improved obviously. The combined manufacturing technology can be applied for high precision silicon aspherical optics.
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