High-frequency signal generators are required in such applications as telecommunications, radar, medical equipment, remote control, probing, radio astronomy, and spectroscopy. One can use an optoelectronic oscillator on a photonic integrated circuit in these applications due to its ease of implementation and low phase noise level. This article considers an optoelectronic oscillator with a phase shifter as a phase modulator implemented in a photonic integrated circuit to simplify the photonic integrated circuit design. The simulation results show that this system can generate microwave signals with a high signal-to-noise ratio (at least 35.27 dB). The side mode suppression ratio was up to 5.94 dB lower than the Mach-Zehnder modulator scheme. This proposed scheme can be used for microwave signal generation in various telecommunication applications and in interrogation tasks.
This article analyzes the influence of the accuracy of manufacturing microring resonators on the characteristics of sensors based on silicon-on-insulator and silicon nitride platforms of integrated photonics. We estimated a deviation of 8 nm in increasing and decreasing the waveguide width. The results indicate that inaccuracies in the width of the waveguides lead to a resonant shift, but they do not affect the sensor’s sensitivity.
The up-to-the-date electrical systems for beamsteering of the phased antenna arrays are widely used; however, possessing significant drawbacks, including high losses, electromagnetic interference, and high power consumption. To overcome these challenges, microwave photonic systems, both discrete and integrated, have demonstrated outstanding potential. In this context, we discuss the two primary methods for beamsteering, i.e., true time delay (TTD) and phase shift (PS). This paper provides simulation results for a four-channel photonic integrated circuit (PIC) for beamsteering based on the TTD method. The PIC design could be implemented on any fabrication platform. The results demonstrate the approach’s feasibility and its potential to improve the performance of phased array antenna systems.
The paper proposes a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) design for multi-channel swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) with a high-scale elements integration on the chip. The PIC contains a tunable reference arm, four spaced apart sample arms, a k-clock based on an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer, an OCT interferometer, and balanced photodiodes. The PIC is developed for a silicon nitride manufacturing platform, providing minimum losses. The simulation results demonstrate the possibility of simultaneous reception of OCT data from four different points of the studied tissue sample, which can significantly increase the scanning speed.
This paper analyzes the prospects for applying optical beams carrying orbital angular momentum (vortex beams) for sensing. We give short retrospectives on environmental properties one can measure with vortex beams, such as liquids turbulence, temperature, and movement. We also propose a new method based on photonic integrated circuits for determining liquids’ refractive index and turbulent properties using vortex beams. The essence of the method is to measure the refractive index and detect the vortex order simultaneously. The developing sensor consists of two microring resonators: a vortex emitter, which also acts as a refractive index-based temperature sensor, and a receiver. This method can potentially increase the measurements’ accuracy and measure the liquid’s turbulence.
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