Prof. Gerardo Sierra Díaz Profile

Prof. Gerardo Sierra Díaz

Mechanical Engineer at Univ Nacional Autónoma de México

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Author

Publications (16)

Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Paper

Conceptual design proposed for the M2-f/5-Nasmyth support system of the Telescopio San Pedro Mártir project

Gerardo Sierra Díaz, Joel Herrera Vázquez, Michael Richer, William Lee Alardin, J. Jesús González, Rodrigo Dueñas Mendoza

Proceedings Volume 10700, 107003M (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2314943

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Telescopes, Finite element methods, Interfaces, Visualization, Optical instrument design, Error analysis, Aluminum, Optomechanical design, Optics manufacturing

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Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Paper

TSPM f/5 Nasmyth configuration

Joel Herrera Vázquez, María Herlinda Pedrayes, Gerardo Sierra Díaz, Michael Richer, J. Jesús González G., William H. Lee Alardin, Carlos Tejada de Vargas

Proceedings Volume 10700, 107003T (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2313030

KEYWORDS: Spectroscopy, Mirrors, Telescopes, Tolerancing, Manufacturing, Distortion, Error analysis, Image quality, Optical alignment

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Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Presentation + Paper

The Telescopio San Pedro Mártir project

Michael Richer, William Lee, Leopoldo Altamirano, J. Jesús González, Charles Alcock, Buell Jannuzi, Fabián Rosales-Ortega, Marisa García-Vargas, Joel Herrera Vázquez, Derek Hill, María Herlinda Pedrayes, Ana Pérez Calpena, Mauricio Reyes Ruiz, Lino Hector Rodríguez Merino, Beatriz Sánchez, Hazael Serrano Guerrero, Gerardo Sierra Díaz, Andrew Szentgyorgyi, Jose Teran, David Urdaibay, Jorge Andrés Uribe Uribe, Alan Watson, Dennis Zaritsky, Mario Rascon, Urania Ceseña Borbón, Francisco Murillo Bracamontes, Fernando Quirós Parra, Erika Sohn

Proceedings Volume 10700, 107000Z (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2313069

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Imaging spectroscopy, Observatories, Optical instrument design, Astronomy, Control systems, Interfaces

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Proceedings Article | 8 August 2016 Paper

San Pedro Martir Telescope: Mexican design endeavor

Gengis Toledo-Ramirez, Vicente Bringas-Rico, Noe Reyes, Jorge Uribe, Aldo Lopez, Carlos Tovar, Xochitl Caballero, Luis Del-Llano, Cesar Martinez, Eduardo Macias, William Lee, Alberto Carramiñana, Michael Richer, Jesús González, Beatriz Sanchez, Diana Lucero, Rogelio Manuel, Jose Segura, Saul Rubio, German Gonzalez, Obed Hernandez, Mary García, Jose Lazaro, Fabian Rosales-Ortega, Joel Herrera, Gerardo Sierra, Hazael Serrano

Proceedings Volume 9906, 99060S (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2231732

KEYWORDS: Optical instrument design, Telescope design, Mirrors, Telescopes, Telescopes, Optical instrument design, Mirrors, Astronomy, Control systems, Systems engineering, Manufacturing, Systems modeling, Control systems design

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The Telescopio San Pedro Martir (TSPM) is a new ground-based optical telescope project, with a 6.5 meters honeycomb primary mirror, to be built in the Observatorio Astronomico Nacional on the Sierra San Pedro Martir (OAN-SPM) located in Baja California, Mexico. The OAN-SPM has an altitude of 2830 meters above sea level; it is among the best location for astronomical observation in the world. It is located 1830 m higher than the atmospheric inversion layer with 70% of photometric nights, 80% of spectroscopic nights and a sky brightness up to 22 mag/arcsec2.

The TSPM will be suitable for general science projects intended to improve the knowledge of the universe established on the Official Mexican Program for Science, Technology and Innovation 2014-2018. The telescope efforts are headed by two Mexican institutions in name of the Mexican astronomical community: the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and the Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica. The telescope has been financially supported mainly by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT). It is under development by Mexican scientists and engineers from the Center for Engineering and Industrial Development. This development is supported by a Mexican-American scientific cooperation, through a partnership with the University of Arizona (UA), and the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO). M3 Engineering and Technology Corporation in charge of enclosure and building design.

The TSPM will be designed to allow flexibility and possible upgrades in order to maximize resources. Its optical and mechanical designs are based upon those of the Magellan and MMT telescopes. The TSPM primary mirror and its cell will be provided by the INAOE and UA. The telescope will be optimized from the near ultraviolet to the near infrared wavelength range (0.35-2.5 m), but will allow observations up to 26μm. The TSPM will initially offer a f/5 Cassegrain focal station. Later, four folded Cassegrain and two Nasmyth focal stations are contemplated, nominally with focal ratios of f/5 and f/11. The concept will allow the use of existing instruments like MMIRS and MEGACAM. Available experience from currently working ground-based telescopes will be integrated with up-to-date technology specially for control and information management systems.

Its mount is the well-known azimuth-elevation configuration. The telescope total mass is estimated in about 245 metric tons, with a total azimuth load of 185 metric tons including around 110 metric tons as the total elevation load. A tracking error lower than 0.03 arcsec RMS is expected under steady wind up to 50 Km/h. An open-loop pointing accuracy between 10 and 2 arcsec is planned. The TSPM is in its design phase. It is the first large optical ground-based telescope to be designed and developed primarily by Mexican scientists and engineers. This endeavor will result in the improvement of the scientific and technical capabilities of Mexico including complex scientific instruments development, systems engineering and project management for large engineering projects. In this paper, which aims to gather the attention of the community for further discussions, we present the engineering preliminary design, the basic architecture and challenging technical endeavors of the TSPM project.

Proceedings Article | 27 July 2016 Paper

The Telescopio San Pedro Mártir project

Michael Richer, William Lee, Jesús González, Buell Jannuzi, Beatriz Sánchez, Fabián Rosales Ortega, Charles Alcock, Alberto Carramiñana Alonso, Ma. Teresa García Díaz, Leonel Gutiérrez, Joel Herrera, Derek Hill, Timothy Norton, Maria Pedrayes, Ana Pérez-Calpena, Mauricio Reyes-Ruíz, Hazael Serrano Guerrero, Gerardo Sierra, Jose Teran, David Urdaibay, Jorge Uribe, Alan Watson, Dennis Zaritsky, Marisa García Vargas

Proceedings Volume 9906, 99065S (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2232000

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, Observatories, Mirrors, Astronomy, Optical instrument design, Telescopes, Control systems, Optics manufacturing, Optical alignment, Interfaces

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Proceedings Article | 28 July 2014 Paper

Design and integration of a mechanism for focusing and alignment of the Echelle spectrograph for the telescope of 2.1 meters of the National Astronomic Observatory

Horacio Gutiérrez, Alejandro Farah, Juan Echevarria R., Gerardo Sierra

Proceedings Volume 9147, 91474Y (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2057039

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, CCD cameras, Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Telescopes, Manufacturing, Interfaces, Cameras, Optical alignment, Optical instrument design

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2012 Paper

First light with RATIR: an automated 6-band optical/NIR imaging camera

Nat Butler, Chris Klein, Ori Fox, Gennadiy Lotkin, Josh Bloom, J. Xavier Prochaska, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, José de Diego, Leonid Georgiev, Jesús González, William Lee, Michael Richer, Carlos Román, Alan Watson, Neil Gehrels, Alexander Kutyrev, Rebecca Bernstein, Luis Carlos Alvarez, Urania Ceseña, David Clark, Enrique Colorado, Antolín Córdova, Alejandro Farah, Benjamín García, Gerardo Guisa, Joel Herrera, Francisco Lazo, Eduardo López, Esteban Luna, Benjamín Martínez, Francisco Murillo, José Manuel Murillo, Juan Manuel Núñez, M. Herlinda Pedrayes, Fernando Quirós, José Luis Ochoa, Gerardo Sierra, Harvey Moseley, David Rapchun, Frederick Robinson, Mathew Samuel, Leroy Sparr

Proceedings Volume 8446, 844610 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926471

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Telescopes, Near infrared, Sensors, Gamma radiation, Infrared cameras, Space telescopes, Observatories, CCD cameras, Optical design

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2012 Paper

Optics and the mechanical system of the 62-cm telescope at the Severo Díaz Galindo Observatory in Guadalajara, Jalisco, México

Eduardo de la Fuente, J. Manuel Nuñez, Salvador Zazueta, Salomon Eduardo Ibarra, Benjamin García, Benjamin Martínez, José Luis Ochoa, Gerardo Sierra, Fransisco Lazo, David Hirart, Luis Corral, Jorge Flores, Jaime Almaguer, Simon Kemp, Silvana Navarro, Alberto Nigoche-Netro, Gerardo Ramos-Larios, John Peter Phillips, Arturo Chávez, Guillermo García-Torales, Oscar Blanco Alonso, Tomas Oceguera-Becerra, Durruty de Alba, Ruben Bautista

Proceedings Volume 8444, 84444L (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926509

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Astronomical telescopes, Observatories, Astronomy, Monochromatic aberrations, Mechanics, Optical instrument design, Mechanical engineering, Control systems

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Proceedings Article | 23 July 2008 Paper

Thermal gradient analysis for the ESOPO spectrograph

A. Farah, J. Jesús González, G. Sierra, J. Hernández, M. Pedrayes, J. Echevarría, R. Costero, G. Avila, M. Arroyo, F. Cobos, E. Colorado, A. Cordova, O. Chapa, B. Garcia, F. Garfias, F. Granados, G. Guisa, E. Luna, B. Martínez, R. Michel, F. Murillo, F. Pérez, S. Quechol, F. Quirós, C. Tejada

Proceedings Volume 7014, 70146Y (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.790213

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Finite element methods, 3D modeling, Temperature metrology, Solid modeling, Interfaces, Computer aided design, Convection, Telescopes, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 11 July 2008 Paper

Slit-mask, acquisition, and guiding zone mechanisms of the ESOPO spectrograph

M. Pedrayes, J. Gonzalez, E. Luna, F. Quiroz, G. Sierra, M. Arroyo, G. Avila, F. Cobos, E. Colorado, A. Córdova, R. Costero, O. Chapa, J. Echevarria, A. Farah, B. García, F. Garfias, G. Guisa, F. Granados, B. Martínez, R. Michel, F. Murillo, J. Murillo, S. Quechol, C. Tejada

Proceedings Volume 7014, 70145H (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789867

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Telescopes, Finite element methods, Cameras, Sensors, Calibration, Tolerancing, Actuators, Error analysis, Space telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 11 July 2008 Paper

Structure of the spectrograph ESOPO

G. Sierra, A. Farah, J. Gonzalez, M. Pedrayes, M. Arroyo, G. Avila, F. Cobos, E. Colorado, A. Córdova, R. Costero, O. Chapa, J. Echevarria, B. García, F. Garfias, G. Guisa, F. Granados, E. Luna, B. Martínez, R. Michel, F. Murillo, J. Murillo, S. Quechol, F. Quiroz, C. Tejada

Proceedings Volume 7014, 70145G (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789683

KEYWORDS: Finite element methods, Tolerancing, Mechanical engineering, Computer aided design, Spectrographs, Cameras, Error analysis, Optical components, Telescopes, Image processing

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Proceedings Article | 9 July 2008 Paper

The spectrograph ESOPO: scientific goals, high-level requirements, and introduction to the design

J. Echevarría, A. Farah, R. Costero, J. González, G. Avila, M. Arroyo, F. Cobos, E. Colorado, A. Córdova, O. Chapa, B. García, F. Garfias, F. Granados, G. Guisa, E. Luna, B. Martínez, R. Michel, F. Murillo, M. Pedrayes, F. Pérez, S. Quechol, F. Quirós, G. Sierra, C. Tejada

Proceedings Volume 7014, 70140P (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.790217

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Spectral resolution, Sensors, Optical design, Cameras, Telescopes, Galactic astronomy, Astronomy, Control systems, Neon

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Proceedings Article | 2 August 2000 Paper

Structure analysis of the primary mirror support for the TIM using computer-aided finite element method

Alejandro Farah Simon, Maria Pedrayes, Elfego Ruiz Schneider, Gerardo Sierra, Fernando Quiros-Pacheco, Javier Godoy, Erika Sohn

Proceedings Volume 4004, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.393948

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Finite element methods, 3D modeling, Telescopes, Optical instrument design, Actuators, Rubidium, Computer aided design, Sensors, Manufacturing

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Proceedings Article | 25 August 1998 Paper

Mirror cell and active support system of the Mexican infrared optical telescope (TIM)

Elfego Ruiz Schneider, Erika Sohn, Irene Cruz-Gonzales, Luis Salas, Maria Pedrayes, Gerardo Sierra

Proceedings Volume 3352, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.319299

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Mirrors, Infrared telescopes, Telescopes, Image segmentation, Infrared radiation, Sensors, Zerodur, Optical instrument design, Astronomical telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 25 August 1998 Paper

Mexican infrared optical new technology telescope (TIM) project

Luis Salas, Elfego Ruiz Schneider, Irene Cruz-Gonzales, Esteban Luna-Aguilar, Salvador Cuevas, Maria Pedrayes, Gerardo Sierra, Erika Sohn, G. Koenigsberger, Jorge Valdez, Oswaldo Harris, Francisco Cobos Duenas, Carlos Tejada, Leonel Gutierrez, Arturo Iriarte Valverde

Proceedings Volume 3352, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.319239

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Infrared telescopes, Infrared technology, Image segmentation, Infrared radiation, Infrared imaging, Actuators, Optical instrument design

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Proceedings Article | 25 August 1998 Paper

Novelty mount for M2 with five degrees of freedom

Esteban Luna-Aguilar, Gerardo Sierra, Victor Garcia, Jorge Valdez, Leonel Gutierrez, Fernando Quiros-Pacheco, Francisco Lazo, J. Murillo, E. Lopez

Proceedings Volume 3352, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.319238

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Telescopes, Monochromatic aberrations, Optical testing, Control systems, Lead, Spatial resolution, Mirror mounts, Image quality, Ronchi rulings

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Showing 5 of 16 publications

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