In the omni-directional optical system used for real-time surveillance, we established the theory of basic optical design for a two-reflector catadioptric omni-directional optical system which has a convex primary mirror and a plane secondary mirror as its reflection imaging part. We also established an algorithm and programmed to analyze the variables of the theory. By using this method, the key optical elements related to the primary and secondary mirrors in the system can be simply and easily designed based on the optical system variables such as radius of curvature for the primary mirror and position of the secondary mirror, and location and radius of entrance pupil of the refractive imaging optics. And we achieved readily and successfully an infrared omni-directional optical system for night vision and surveillance of defense and safety by using the basic design theory.
It is common for many companies to use multiple LEDs to enhance the brightness of a LED lamp and, in general, four LEDs are used in the LED lamp systems. Moreover, the second-lens must be used to obtain a straight uniform illumination from LED lights. Where four LEDs are used, four second-lenses are also assembled conventionally and those four units of second-lenses are manufactured from a single mold and assembled together with the LEDs. However, this study introduces a new method of using the Least Square Method to get a uniform illumination with the divergence angle of 40 degrees with a new single injection molded lens. Thanks to this optical design with a single lens, the assembling process of LED lamp system was simplified by eliminating the complicated assembly procedure. Also, the uniformity of illumination of this newly designed lamp system was less than 14.1%.
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