KEYWORDS: Global Positioning System, Network centric warfare, Weapons, Free space optics, Warfare, Sensors, Information security, Network security, Internet, Information assurance
Corporate, government and military bodies focus significant resources to develop sophisticated and capable information-based systems. The concept of people and resources connected by a robust network capable of extremely high rates of information exchange is very attractive because it allows smaller groups to coordinate together and focus effects from geographically diverse locations. However, there is also a hidden danger that comes with such advanced technology. For example, in the case of the U.S. Military, clearly United States holds a technological advantage over our adversaries and that this advantage is still expanding. This technology gap has resulted in the emergence of potent asymmetrical warfare. All too often in science fiction movies, we see a small group of humans defeat a technologically superior alien race by striking at a hidden weakness that renders all of their advanced weapons as useless, as a result of pervasive connectivity and interdependence. The analogy holds for any large network-centric enterprise, corporate or governmental. This paper focuses on specific technologies and methods that preempt this Achilles Heal scenario.
The emergence of affordable practical miniature sensors has led to
a tremendous leap forward in the ability to conduct effective
Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) on the modern
battlefield. Sensors are now impressively small and are capable
of sensitively sensing many phenomena. Coupling this sensor data
with a real world coordinate often provides the best tactical
picture. However, it is not always practical to outfit these
sensors with Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers because of
size, weight and power (SWAP) limitations. It is very conceivable
that hundreds or thousands of these sensors could be randomly
distributed over a region, precluding careful placement at
specified locations. In this paper, we propose a method for not
only locating the individual sensors, but also subsequently using
the resulting sensor network as an alterative to GPS.
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