Surface plasmon-based nanophotonic devices are advanced in high-sensitivity of wavelength, which can be used to fabricate narrow band color filters. But when SP is excited by grating-coupled structure, the evanescent wave is limited on the interface of metal and dielectric. We design a tunable transmissive filter, consisting of two same sinusoids metal gratings with corresponding substrates and a modulation layer. Herein the dielectric medium is used as the modulation layer and is sandwiched between two metallic gratings. The two metallic gratings are symmetric. If the incident TM wave satisfies the momentum matching condition, the SP excitation at the first metal-dielectric interface will arouse the SP excitation with the same frequency on the second metal-dielectric interface. Then waves with a certain spectrum bandwidth transmit to the far field. The way to tune the selected wavelength is changing the grating period and the distance between two metal gratings in the range of SP penetrating depth. We analyze the influence of the structure profile on the wavelength selectivity. Results show that this novel color filter can realize a continuous shift of transmission peak in the visible range. The transmissivity is higher than 60%. It can be applied to the high resolution display devices to improve the quality of color images.
Volume holographic gratings have been used in waveguide displays to implement full-color three-dimensional imaging. Among these, multiplexing gratings are advanced in low energy losses and simple manufacture technologies when used as couplers of color hologram waveguides. A multiplexing holographic grating is designed to realize a uniform red, green, and blue diffraction efficiency and eliminate stray light to the largest extent. Results indicate that the red, green, and blue light incident normal to the grating could be successfully in-coupled into the planar waveguide for total internal reflection with high peak diffraction efficiency, similar energy output, and little stray light. We also analyze the effect of the technical tolerance, including gating thickness, index modulation, grating period, slanted angle, and incident angle. This analysis could help to minimize the optical system and improve the color image quality of waveguide displays.
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