Binocular optical tracking systems are an important component in the field of 3D measurement and reconstruction, and the calibration of objects with reflective marker points attached, hereafter referred to as marker object, is a key factor in the overall measurement accuracy. In response to the challenge of using more sophisticated and expensive instruments such as CMM for the calibration of traditional marker object, this paper proposes a short baseline, high-precision, fast, and low-cost marker object calibration method based on transformation constraints. A binocular calibration system with a short baseline and small field of view is designed to improve the initial spatial resolution accuracy. The multi-angle projection of marker points on the marker object under known fixed transformation constraints is collected through precision servo rotary stage control, and a global error optimization method based on Newton's iterative method is proposed to reduce the estimation error of the initial marker points. The marker object calibration system built in this paper enables a spatial position accuracy resolution of 0.15mm between marker points on the marker object, realizing the need for low-cost, fast and high-precision calibration, and achieving high-precision tracking of binocular optical tracking systems.
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