Small coherent optical transceivers have been demanded to provide a high data rate density in next-generation metro area networks and data-center interconnects. Therefore, the mechanical sizes of optical modules and sub-assemblies have been shrinking, and accordingly, highly integrated optical modules have been demanded. We present two types of highly integrated optical modules for ≥400-Gb/s coherent optical links. Our wavelength-tunable laser module consists of an ultra-compact DBR/Ring laser chip and a PLC-based wavelength locker. The laser module covers the wavelength range of full C-band with a narrow linewidth of >100 kHz and a fiber output power of 17 dBm. Furthermore, we demonstrate a tiny transmitter-receiver optical sub-assembly that integrates all required optical components into a single gold-box of 26 × 14 × 4 mm in compliant with the Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF) specifications. The electrical-optical and optical-electrical bandwidths measure >40 GHz, which is wide enough to realize ≥400-Gb/s per lambda operations.
Digital twin of a test assembly setup was developed to simulate the different steps of the alignment sequence of a coupling system. Furthermore, a software framework was created that can control both the assembly setup and the simulation engine. According to the tests, the simulated results correlate well with the experimental data, even under different environmental conditions, such as the presence of background noise. This approach can enhance the development of assembly sequences for different kind of micro-optics modules
The capability of mounting a parallel-optical module onto a PCB through solder-reflow process contributes to reduce the
number of piece parts, simplify its assembly process, and minimize a foot print for both AOC and on-board applications.
We introduce solder-reflow-capable parallel-optical modules employing 1060-nm InGaAs/GaAs VCSEL which leads to
the advantages of realizing wider modulation bandwidth, longer transmission distance, and higher reliability. We
demonstrate 4-channel parallel optical link performance operated at a bit stream of 28 Gb/s 231-1 PRBS for each channel
and transmitted through a 50-m-core MMF beyond 500 m. We also introduce a new mounting technology of paralleloptical
module to realize maintaining good coupling and robust electrical connection during solder-reflow process
between an optical module and a polymer-waveguide-embedded PCB.
This paper presents recent development results of our 28-Gbps VCSELs featured with double intra-cavity structure and a lasing wavelength of 1060 nm. The double intra-cavity realizes very low cavity loss due to undoped semiconductor bottom DBR and dielectric top DBR layers. Compressively strained InGaAs MQW provides high differential gain that contributes to low power consumption and high reliability. Based on our 10-Gbps VCSEL structure, we carefully optimized MQW, selective oxide structure, cavity length, and doping profile in order to achieve high speed operation while maintaining high reliability and other laser performances. The developed VCSELs exhibit modulation 3 dB-bandwidth exceeding 20 GHz and D-factor of 10 GHz/(mA)1/2. Typical threshold current and slope efficiency are 0.5 mA and 0.5 W/A, respectively. The paper also discusses static and dynamic characteristics of VCSELs with various oxide aperture sizes simultaneously fabricated on the same wafer. For a longer transmission distance and better optical coupling to a multimode fiber, optical lateral confinement is precisely controlled to reduce spectral width as well as far-field pattern. Clearly opened eye diagrams are obtained at a bit rate of 28 Gbps. Bit error rate tests are also performed and 28 Gbps error free transmission has been confirmed over 300 meters of multimode-fiber optimized for 1060 nm with a PRBS pattern length of 231-1.
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