Rectangular laser pulse has a steep rising and falling edge, and the time scale of the rising or falling rate can reach nanosecond, which is close to the single round-trip time of light traveling in the Fabry-Perot interferometer. When the falling edge of the rectangular laser pulse is incident to the Fabry-Perot interferometer, the reflection intensity of the Fabry-Perot interferometer drops down to zero or near-zero at some point due to the rapid decline of amplitude. Moreover, the reflected light intensity shows the different decline rates under the different phase difference of the light propagating through the Fabry-Perot interferometer before the build-up of steady state for multiple-beam interferences, which provides a new way of thinking for the new measurement technology of Fabry-Perot interferometer. In this paper, the time response of the reflection intensity of the Fabry-Perot interferometer is studied. The dependence of the reflection intensity and energy on the phase difference in the Fabry-Perot interferometer is obtained. By optimizing the parameters of the rectangular laser pulse and the Fabry-Perot interferometer, the sensitivity of the reflected light intensity to the phase difference of the Fabry-Perot interferometer could be improved.
This study is based on the principle of inter-mode interference for single-mode optical fiber. Two Mach-Zehnder interference sensors were manufactured by the fused tapered techniques of forward direction with butane torch and reverse direction with fiber fusion splicer, respectively. The temperature sensing characteristic of reverse fused tapered Mach-Zehnder interference sensor is 0.067 nm/°C. And the interference trough moves towards the long wave direction with increasing temperature. However, the temperature sensing characteristic of forward fused tapered Mach-Zehnder interference sensor is 1.059 nm/°C. And the interference trough moves towards the short wave direction with increasing temperature. The results show that, the Mach-Zehnder interference sensors could be flexibly manufactured by the fused tapered technique for different needs such as sensitivity and size. And this study has a high reference value for the practical study of optical fiber sensing.
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