We present two novel multilayer active linear to circular polarizer designs where the sense of the polarization is controlled with a simple AC voltage bias. The designs employ liquid crystal that is electrically biased to control their index of refraction. Layers of periodic lattices deposited on glass carry a bias voltage that changes the delay through the liquid crystal and creates the desired polarization states. The structure is optimized using a multi-objective genetic algorithm approach. The assembly leverages silicon microbeads to maintain the liquid crystal thickness and the metal patterns fabricated using electron beam lithography. The work was performed in support of a DARPA contract.
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