Mr. Paulus Saari Profile

Paulus Saari

at Specim Spectral Imaging Ltd

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Proceedings Article | 7 June 2024 Presentation + Paper

Development of the new MWIR and LWIR hyperspectral imagers at Specim

H. Holma, P. Saari, T. Kolehmainen

Proceedings Volume 13031, 1303106 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013687

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Long wavelength infrared, Equipment, Mid-IR, Signal to noise ratio, Hyperspectral imaging, Reflectivity, Imaging systems, Thermography, Light sources and illumination

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Both MWIR and LWIR wavelength ranges have for long time mostly used for research activities. During recent years industrial use of these wavelength band ranges has also evolved and the same trend is expected to continue in future. Important application areas relate to mineral mapping and recognition, metal industry and black plastics sorting for instance. Key parameters in industrial use, in addition to good performance characteristics and data quality, are the cost and usability of the camera. The Specim hyperspectral MWIR and LWIR cameras employ push-broom imaging spectrograph, with transmission grating and on-axis optics. The cameras have thermally stabilized optics and cryogenically cooled MCT detector with Stirling cooler. The performance of the newly developed MWIR camera is targeted on reflectance measurements with illumination. The performance of hyperspectral camera enables reliable measurement of low reflectance level targets illuminated with moderate temperature heat source, and with less than 10% reflectance with 650°C illumination and frame rates of 380 frames /sec with 154 bands and 640 spatial samples. The SNR of 500 of the new LWIR hyperspectral camera suits emission measurements of normal room temperature targets but is applicable to reflectance measurement with illumination as well. High performance emission measurement with about 150 bands, 640 spatial samples and more than 300 frames per second can be achieved. The performance is verified with testing of several camera units and supported with simulation results. The performance characteristics of NESR and expected SNR with actual measurement parameters are presented.

Proceedings Article | 13 June 2023 Presentation + Paper

Selection of optimal performance parameters in industrial hyperspectral camera design

H. Holma, P. Saari, T. Kolehmainen

Proceedings Volume 12519, 1251902 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2663795

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Design and modelling, Hyperspectral imaging, Imaging systems, Equipment, Spectral resolution, Signal to noise ratio, Spectral imaging cameras, Quantum efficiency

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Hyperspectral imaging is not only a very special type of imaging, but also a special type of spectroscopy. What is more, there are many different architectures of hyperspectral imagers. While this paper concentrates on push-broom architecture only, there are still several parameters for which a hyperspectral camera may be optimized in design. This optimization means that the best fitting use cases are in fact chosen simultaneously with the design decisions. It is not always self-evident how hyperspectral camera parameters affect the measured data and its interpretation. Hyperspectral cameras consist essentially of two separate optical parts and a camera. Each of those parts processes the information originating from the target. The selection of the optimization parameters is based on camera design principles, which may differ significantly from one manufacturer to another, or one instrument to another. Comparing these instruments is not easy, but it is often also unnecessary as not all the parameters are equally important in every practical use case. When a user chooses a hyperspectral camera, they should study the specifications of the performance parameters with the intended application in mind. Highlighting one of the parameters in the design results in a loss of performance in another. These parameter pairs include spectral sampling vs. light collection efficiency, number of pixels vs. frame rate, and optical sharpness vs. sampling artifacts in the image.

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